Packaging Containers Paper drums are rigid drums made of paper or cardboard plus adhesives to make barrels and barrel bottom lids made of the same material or other materials. It not only has high strength, but also has certain elasticity, no oxidation, and no pollution. Compared with steel drums, it also has the advantages of preventing static electricity, light weight, easy recycling, short processing cycle, low cost, etc. It is not only widely used in the packaging of pharmaceutical raw materials. , but also widely used in chemical, food, local products, hardware, minerals, building materials, electrical and mechanical and defense industry and other products of the outer packaging, a considerable part of the paper drums for export goods packaging.
The packaging container drum has positioning performance between the bottom and the lid for stacking storage. The types of barrels are generally divided into two categories according to the use of raw materials: The first class is a full-paper pulp barrel. The appearance of the barrels is cylindrical and square. The material used is high-strength cardboard and is a dedicated paper barrel. Forming machine processing, because the material used in the paper barrel itself is mostly fiberboard and wood fiberboard, so easy to recycle and reuse, if you need emergency treatment can also be burned, will not produce toxic gases, so that all The whole process of paper pulp barrels and the production process and waste disposal do not pollute the environment. Therefore, as a product packaging export, it is generally welcomed by foreign merchants. The difference between the second type of paper drum and the full paper paper drum is that the top and bottom bottoms of the round paper drum body are reinforced with iron sheet, and the top and bottom bottoms of the paper drum are made of full paper or pentaplate. The drum structure reinforced by the iron sheet under the same volume is larger in strength and load-carrying capacity than the full paper drum. Therefore, such drums are used in the case of large-sized articles weighing more than thirty kilograms. .
1. The effect of exceeding the water content of the paperboard on the performance of the finished product of the barrel The production of the second type of paper barrel is based on multi-layer paperboard as the material and is manufactured on the barrel making machine in the form of spiral winding. The physical performance index directly relates to the overall quality of the finished drum. The paperboard material is generally quantified in the range of 280-360G/m2. To ensure the strength and rigidity of the paperboard, for example, for paperboard of 300G/m2, the paperboard material is generally required to have a ring pressure strength of not less than 2KN/m. The index is not less than 3.0kpa·m2/G, the transverse folding resistance is not less than 50 times, and the tightness is 1.2G/cm3. The moisture content of the cardboard material is maintained at about 10%. The paperboard moisture content directly affects the drum molding and the finished product quality. When the temperature and humidity of the production environment are constant, when the water content of the same type of paperboard is less than 10%, the forming performance of the paper barrel will be significantly deteriorated, the brittleness of the paperboard surface will increase, and the number of folding times will be significantly reduced. Especially in the production of barrels, the lower and upper ends of the barrel are easily broken. According to the requirements of the drum molding process, the edges of the semi-manufactured paper drums should be pressed at both ends of the molding process. The curves at both ends must have a certain depth of arc and the rear wheels of the equipment should be pressed together with the two ends of the barrel. The degree of compression must be above the required working limit. If the cardboard surface is brittle and its toughness is poor, it will cause cracks in the inner layers of the semi-finished product's barrel ends, and it will form fractures on its surface, resulting in waste products. When the moisture content of the paperboard material is too high (more than 10%), the pulp fibers of the paperboard flow into the irregular cross-section, resulting in anisotropy of the paperboard fibers, and the post-shrinkage in the width (longitudinal) direction of the paperboard is increased. It is easy to cause inconsistent shrinkage of various parts of the paper drum after storage at room temperature, so that the height dimension of the paper drum after molding is changed. If the shrinkage is intensified, the external dimensions of the paper drum may not reach the required standard size. Difficulties in loading goods.
Second, the production of the relationship between the material of the barrel and the rigidity of the barrel The strength and rigidity of the barrel are not only related to the quality of the used cardboard raw material itself, but also related to the number of rewinding layers, the thickness of the barrel during molding and its use during use. It is related to the size of the axial force in the paper drum. For the buckets used for valuables packaging, when the raw materials are determined and the outer perimeter is determined, the vertical compression strength of the finished drums should be greater than 8000N, the side pressure strength should be greater than 4000N, the puncture strength should be greater than 10J, and the stacking performance should be 4900N. No leakage, no breakage, permanent deformation, does not affect the stacking capacity of the drum. The drop resistance requirement is to fall at a height of 800 mm, no leakage does not break, and the closure does not open. The size of the deformation of the drum when it is dropped is related to the stiffness of the drum, which depends on whether the rigidity of the drum is reasonable. The deformation of the drum is proportional to the side pressure and circumferential length of the drum, and inversely proportional to the elastic modulus of the drum and the number of layers of the drum rewinding thickness. That is, the lateral pressure acting on the drum is greater. The larger the circumferential length of the paper drum is, the larger the deformation of the paper drum is, and the larger the elastic modulus of the paper drum material and the thicker the paper drum, the smaller the number of cardboard layers is. It can be seen that, if the strength of the drum is to be increased, the number of layers and the thickness of the paperboard should be increased. The greater the stiffness coefficient of the drum, the greater the stiffness of the drum. Therefore, a cardboard with a high modulus of elasticity should be used. . When the drum is formed, the number of rewinding layers is large, and the structure with a relatively small diameter is less deformed after loading the drum.
Third, the shape of the drum container design and rational use of raw materials should be selected to ensure the safety and quality of the contents of the premise, not only to give full play to its use value, but also should avoid the excess function of cardboard raw materials. Before selecting raw materials, we must first understand the conditions of the drums, the location of the drums, the storage method, the weight of the contents, and the quality of the contents. Finally, the quantitative and technical requirements for the raw materials for the paperboard should be determined. Because the drum molding is based on multi-layer cardboard rewinding, the number of rewinding layers and other physical indicators should be comprehensively considered according to the use of the drum, it is best to achieve both the quality of the user satisfaction, but not much more complex The number of layers makes the design of the physical properties of the barrel more reasonable. Therefore, in the actual production process of the carton, due to the different shapes and sizes of the carton, the amount of the carton material is not equal, and there is a problem of how to save the use of the material. In the production of cylindrical drums, in the case of a certain volume, the choice of what kind of shape and size of the structure of the cardboard raw material the most savings? We take the example of a covered circular drum as an example to discuss this issue in the form of calculations:
Let the radius of the circular drum be R and the height be H. Then the sum of the upper and lower bottom areas is 2Ï€R2.
Side area is 2Ï€RH, total area S=2Ï€RH+2Ï€R2
The volume is V=Ï€R2H.
Assume that volume V does not change: Let V=1000
Then there is H=1000/πR2. We require the minimum value of S=2πRH+2πR2=2πR·1000/πR2+2πR2=2πR2+2000/R.
Calculated by calculus: ds/dR=4Ï€R-2000/R2=0
Get: R=5.4 H=10.8=D=2R
Find S=553.6
From the calculation, it can be seen that when the cylindrical drum diameter and height are equal, the material saving scheme is the most economical.
Let H=3R then V=Ï€R2H=1000, H3=
H=14.2 R=4.7 S=563.3
Suppose: H=R, then V=Ï€R2H=1000, H=R=6.8
S=585.8
When we study H=2R, the function y=s/v=2Ï€RH+
We require that v be as large as possible, and s be as small as possible, that is, the smaller the better, the better. y=3/R indicates that the bigger R is, the better, that is to say, the use of large packaging drums saves more raw materials than small packaging. From the calculations, it can be seen that in the three packaging types of cylinders, cubes, and cuboids, the cylinders save the most material, while the cubes take second place. From the point of view of material materials, when the diameter of the circular drum is equal to the height, the material is the least.
IV. Principles for setting the consumption quota of paper drums The so-called consumption quota of raw materials refers to the maximum allowable planned quantity of materials required by the manufacturing units under the specified quality under the established conditions of the drum production. The production conditions mentioned here refer to the characteristics of the finished product structure and the characteristics of the production technology organization that affect the material consumption quota. Therefore, in the process of formulating the basic raw material consumption of paper drums, the following principles should be determined:
1 Determine the length, width, and thickness of the unit's cardboard stock.
2 According to the production process flow chart and paper drum size to determine the cardboard cutting margin.
3 Draw the cut sheet of the cut cardboard.
4 Determine the quantity of available raw materials and unusable waste, as well as the amount of each barrel and the average amount of waste.
5 Calculate the material utilization index.
The consumption of cardboard raw materials for cardboard drums is mainly divided into three parts: net consumption, process consumption and non-technology consumption. The net consumption of paperboard raw material refers to the effective consumption of the unit product, which is related to the perimeter of paperboard paperboard, the amount of cardboard, the height of semi-finished paper drums, the number of drum layers, and the technological consumption of unit product paperboard is the unit product net. The sum of consumption and the consumption of production processes in each process. In the actual production process, the non-technical consumption is mainly controlled and the profit reduction is minimized. In the actual process of using the material, due to the inconsistent width of the cardboard used, there are widths and narrowness, which requires the "set and match" of the roll paperboard. This refers to the combination of tailoring is to match a wide variety of drum semi-finished products on a limited width of the paperboard, and a reasonable combination of the length of the semi-finished paper tube, using mathematical statistics method to calculate the length of the required paper barrels , And can be consistent with the width of the width of the width of the paperboard to form a series of specifications of the semi-finished products of different sizes, and to minimize the remaining material of the paperboard, so that in actual production, according to the series of semi-finished products The method of width can achieve reasonable use of cardboard raw materials and achieve the best effect of effective use of raw materials.
The packaging container drum has positioning performance between the bottom and the lid for stacking storage. The types of barrels are generally divided into two categories according to the use of raw materials: The first class is a full-paper pulp barrel. The appearance of the barrels is cylindrical and square. The material used is high-strength cardboard and is a dedicated paper barrel. Forming machine processing, because the material used in the paper barrel itself is mostly fiberboard and wood fiberboard, so easy to recycle and reuse, if you need emergency treatment can also be burned, will not produce toxic gases, so that all The whole process of paper pulp barrels and the production process and waste disposal do not pollute the environment. Therefore, as a product packaging export, it is generally welcomed by foreign merchants. The difference between the second type of paper drum and the full paper paper drum is that the top and bottom bottoms of the round paper drum body are reinforced with iron sheet, and the top and bottom bottoms of the paper drum are made of full paper or pentaplate. The drum structure reinforced by the iron sheet under the same volume is larger in strength and load-carrying capacity than the full paper drum. Therefore, such drums are used in the case of large-sized articles weighing more than thirty kilograms. .
1. The effect of exceeding the water content of the paperboard on the performance of the finished product of the barrel The production of the second type of paper barrel is based on multi-layer paperboard as the material and is manufactured on the barrel making machine in the form of spiral winding. The physical performance index directly relates to the overall quality of the finished drum. The paperboard material is generally quantified in the range of 280-360G/m2. To ensure the strength and rigidity of the paperboard, for example, for paperboard of 300G/m2, the paperboard material is generally required to have a ring pressure strength of not less than 2KN/m. The index is not less than 3.0kpa·m2/G, the transverse folding resistance is not less than 50 times, and the tightness is 1.2G/cm3. The moisture content of the cardboard material is maintained at about 10%. The paperboard moisture content directly affects the drum molding and the finished product quality. When the temperature and humidity of the production environment are constant, when the water content of the same type of paperboard is less than 10%, the forming performance of the paper barrel will be significantly deteriorated, the brittleness of the paperboard surface will increase, and the number of folding times will be significantly reduced. Especially in the production of barrels, the lower and upper ends of the barrel are easily broken. According to the requirements of the drum molding process, the edges of the semi-manufactured paper drums should be pressed at both ends of the molding process. The curves at both ends must have a certain depth of arc and the rear wheels of the equipment should be pressed together with the two ends of the barrel. The degree of compression must be above the required working limit. If the cardboard surface is brittle and its toughness is poor, it will cause cracks in the inner layers of the semi-finished product's barrel ends, and it will form fractures on its surface, resulting in waste products. When the moisture content of the paperboard material is too high (more than 10%), the pulp fibers of the paperboard flow into the irregular cross-section, resulting in anisotropy of the paperboard fibers, and the post-shrinkage in the width (longitudinal) direction of the paperboard is increased. It is easy to cause inconsistent shrinkage of various parts of the paper drum after storage at room temperature, so that the height dimension of the paper drum after molding is changed. If the shrinkage is intensified, the external dimensions of the paper drum may not reach the required standard size. Difficulties in loading goods.
Second, the production of the relationship between the material of the barrel and the rigidity of the barrel The strength and rigidity of the barrel are not only related to the quality of the used cardboard raw material itself, but also related to the number of rewinding layers, the thickness of the barrel during molding and its use during use. It is related to the size of the axial force in the paper drum. For the buckets used for valuables packaging, when the raw materials are determined and the outer perimeter is determined, the vertical compression strength of the finished drums should be greater than 8000N, the side pressure strength should be greater than 4000N, the puncture strength should be greater than 10J, and the stacking performance should be 4900N. No leakage, no breakage, permanent deformation, does not affect the stacking capacity of the drum. The drop resistance requirement is to fall at a height of 800 mm, no leakage does not break, and the closure does not open. The size of the deformation of the drum when it is dropped is related to the stiffness of the drum, which depends on whether the rigidity of the drum is reasonable. The deformation of the drum is proportional to the side pressure and circumferential length of the drum, and inversely proportional to the elastic modulus of the drum and the number of layers of the drum rewinding thickness. That is, the lateral pressure acting on the drum is greater. The larger the circumferential length of the paper drum is, the larger the deformation of the paper drum is, and the larger the elastic modulus of the paper drum material and the thicker the paper drum, the smaller the number of cardboard layers is. It can be seen that, if the strength of the drum is to be increased, the number of layers and the thickness of the paperboard should be increased. The greater the stiffness coefficient of the drum, the greater the stiffness of the drum. Therefore, a cardboard with a high modulus of elasticity should be used. . When the drum is formed, the number of rewinding layers is large, and the structure with a relatively small diameter is less deformed after loading the drum.
Third, the shape of the drum container design and rational use of raw materials should be selected to ensure the safety and quality of the contents of the premise, not only to give full play to its use value, but also should avoid the excess function of cardboard raw materials. Before selecting raw materials, we must first understand the conditions of the drums, the location of the drums, the storage method, the weight of the contents, and the quality of the contents. Finally, the quantitative and technical requirements for the raw materials for the paperboard should be determined. Because the drum molding is based on multi-layer cardboard rewinding, the number of rewinding layers and other physical indicators should be comprehensively considered according to the use of the drum, it is best to achieve both the quality of the user satisfaction, but not much more complex The number of layers makes the design of the physical properties of the barrel more reasonable. Therefore, in the actual production process of the carton, due to the different shapes and sizes of the carton, the amount of the carton material is not equal, and there is a problem of how to save the use of the material. In the production of cylindrical drums, in the case of a certain volume, the choice of what kind of shape and size of the structure of the cardboard raw material the most savings? We take the example of a covered circular drum as an example to discuss this issue in the form of calculations:
Let the radius of the circular drum be R and the height be H. Then the sum of the upper and lower bottom areas is 2Ï€R2.
Side area is 2Ï€RH, total area S=2Ï€RH+2Ï€R2
The volume is V=Ï€R2H.
Assume that volume V does not change: Let V=1000
Then there is H=1000/πR2. We require the minimum value of S=2πRH+2πR2=2πR·1000/πR2+2πR2=2πR2+2000/R.
Calculated by calculus: ds/dR=4Ï€R-2000/R2=0
Get: R=5.4 H=10.8=D=2R
Find S=553.6
From the calculation, it can be seen that when the cylindrical drum diameter and height are equal, the material saving scheme is the most economical.
Let H=3R then V=Ï€R2H=1000, H3=
H=14.2 R=4.7 S=563.3
Suppose: H=R, then V=Ï€R2H=1000, H=R=6.8
S=585.8
When we study H=2R, the function y=s/v=2Ï€RH+
We require that v be as large as possible, and s be as small as possible, that is, the smaller the better, the better. y=3/R indicates that the bigger R is, the better, that is to say, the use of large packaging drums saves more raw materials than small packaging. From the calculations, it can be seen that in the three packaging types of cylinders, cubes, and cuboids, the cylinders save the most material, while the cubes take second place. From the point of view of material materials, when the diameter of the circular drum is equal to the height, the material is the least.
IV. Principles for setting the consumption quota of paper drums The so-called consumption quota of raw materials refers to the maximum allowable planned quantity of materials required by the manufacturing units under the specified quality under the established conditions of the drum production. The production conditions mentioned here refer to the characteristics of the finished product structure and the characteristics of the production technology organization that affect the material consumption quota. Therefore, in the process of formulating the basic raw material consumption of paper drums, the following principles should be determined:
1 Determine the length, width, and thickness of the unit's cardboard stock.
2 According to the production process flow chart and paper drum size to determine the cardboard cutting margin.
3 Draw the cut sheet of the cut cardboard.
4 Determine the quantity of available raw materials and unusable waste, as well as the amount of each barrel and the average amount of waste.
5 Calculate the material utilization index.
The consumption of cardboard raw materials for cardboard drums is mainly divided into three parts: net consumption, process consumption and non-technology consumption. The net consumption of paperboard raw material refers to the effective consumption of the unit product, which is related to the perimeter of paperboard paperboard, the amount of cardboard, the height of semi-finished paper drums, the number of drum layers, and the technological consumption of unit product paperboard is the unit product net. The sum of consumption and the consumption of production processes in each process. In the actual production process, the non-technical consumption is mainly controlled and the profit reduction is minimized. In the actual process of using the material, due to the inconsistent width of the cardboard used, there are widths and narrowness, which requires the "set and match" of the roll paperboard. This refers to the combination of tailoring is to match a wide variety of drum semi-finished products on a limited width of the paperboard, and a reasonable combination of the length of the semi-finished paper tube, using mathematical statistics method to calculate the length of the required paper barrels , And can be consistent with the width of the width of the width of the paperboard to form a series of specifications of the semi-finished products of different sizes, and to minimize the remaining material of the paperboard, so that in actual production, according to the series of semi-finished products The method of width can achieve reasonable use of cardboard raw materials and achieve the best effect of effective use of raw materials.
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