1. Planting Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Pinus tabulaeformis and other conifers on mobile sand dunes and semi-fixed sand dunes. The key question is how to protect small pine trees from sand burial, sand cutting, sand blasting and wind erosion. . Therefore, in the loose sand dunes, it is necessary to plant the sand-fixing plants to fix the quicksand in advance, and when the quicksand is basically stable, the afforestation of Pinus sylvestris var. (1) Loose vegetation in the flowing sand dunes: one-half to one-third of the hill tops should be vacated in order to cut the tops and gentle slopes, and the grasses or flat wickers should be planted in the lower part of the windward slope. protection. The leeward side should be planted with sand-resistant yellow willow. The top part of the hill should be planted with sand-fixing plants according to the flattening condition. Generally, after 3-4 years, when the sand surface is basically stable, the 2-year-old Pinus sylvestris var. (2) gentle sandy land: the terrain is easier to control than the smooth sand. In the direction of the main wind, the belt is planted with the stalk of sage or the flat grass is used to plant the yellow willow (Huzhizi). After 2-3 years of solidification, the ground is basically stable. Can plant 2 years old Pinus sylvestris or Pinus tabulaeformis. (3) Wind erosion pit: the groundwater level is more than 2 meters, the deep dry wind erosion pit, planting Huzhizi or Caragana in the direction of the main wind; if the groundwater level is 0.5-2 m low-humidity wind erosion pit, it should be planted with purple spikesæ§ After 2 to 3 years of seedlings, you can plant 2 years old scorpion pine seedlings between rows. (4) Semi-fixed dunes: generally distributed around the inside and inside of large-scale quicksand, the area is small and scattered, and the quicksand movement is weak. As long as it is banned, restored vegetation or properly planted with arborvitae and grass protection, you can plant 2 years old scorpion. Pine seedlings.
The tending management work after artificial afforestation mainly ensures that the saplings are not subject to wind erosion, sand burial and sand. After the afforestation, the sand-buried sand-buried section should be protected by the method of sand-fixing and sand-fixing in time. In places where the sand-buried young trees are serious, the floating sand should be removed in time to avoid death due to excessive sand burial.
2. Fixed sand in the fixed sands, fixed grasses, weeds, young trees and weeds compete for water, so we must plant the soil before planting. Due to the consolidation of the soil, the weeds are overgrown, and the work of soil preparation is very important. In order to prevent the damage of sand and sand, it is better to use the strip to prepare the land. In the spring, planting pine on fixed sand, it is necessary to carry out land preparation in the rainy season (June, July) or autumn of the previous year. Planting in autumn should be done before the rainy season. It is best to plant a season crop after tillage to inhibit weed growth. Keep the soil hydrated. In a gentle or undulating fixed sand, a narrow strip of soil preparation, a bandwidth of 60-100 cm, and an equal or slightly wide non-tillage belt, as a protective belt, the strip-shaped soil preparation should be transverse to the main wind direction, or Block formation is carried out and the size of the block is 50 × 50 cm. The survival rate is 75-85% and the highest is over 90%.
3. The method of planting in the practice of planting pine in the sand for many years, the recommended methods are:
(1) The small wall (vertical wall) method is the most commonly used method for planting pine in the sand. It is simple in operation, high in work efficiency, and can ensure the quality of planting. The method is that one of the vertical pits is perpendicular to the pit, and the depth of the pit is 35 - 40 cm, and the upper opening of the pit is 30 - 35 cm wide. The bottom of the pit is about 15 cm wide, and the pine seedlings are righted on the side of the vertical wall. The soil in the second pit of the pit is filled in the first pit to fill the ground, and the second is filled in the third pit, and the pit is planted. By analogy, 1000-1200 plants per plant can be planted per day.
(2) The method of planting trees is made of 50-60 cm deep with a height of 10 cm or more, and the roots are placed in the gaps. The seedlings are gently shaken to stretch the seedlings. Rely on the wall of the gap, and then 8-10 cm away from the first gap, insert the planting tree raft, the depth is the same as the first gap, force it to move inward, then push out the seedlings to force the roots to deepen, so that the lower seedlings Close to the soil, and finally fill the second pores, and then use the feet to solidify around the seedlings. This method is easy to master, and each group can plant 1300-1500 strains of pine seedlings per day. It is 20-40% more effective than general planting method.
(3) The method of planting the acupoints is to dig into a square pit with a depth of 35-40 cm and a length of 30 cm. The seedlings are placed in the center of the pit and the soil is covered.
(4) Mechanical afforestation state-owned Fujiayu Forest Farm in Changtu County, Liaoning Province and Sibaozi Machinery Forest Farm in Zhangwu County, the state-owned forest. In the generally flat or undulating fixed sand, the survival rate of planting trees using planting trees can reach 70-90%. Mechanical planting of pine seedlings, deep planting, and compaction can increase the survival rate of afforestation. At the same time, the plant spacing is relatively standard and efficient. Each locomotive (two tree planting machines) can plant 100-120 mu of pine seedlings per day.
(5) Clustering method is to plant 3-5 seedlings in the triangle of 50 × 50 cm, planted with plum blossoms, 25-30 cm between plants, and planting 1600-1800 per plant per day. Strain. Planting Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings on barren and arid sandy land, proper planting can increase the survival rate of afforestation by 10-15% compared with general planting, and promote the growth of saplings. The deep planting measures have been widely used in production and have been very Good result. Under normal circumstances, it is advisable to change the bed seedlings in the second year to 5-8 cm.
Although planted in the sand, spring, rain and autumn can be implemented in three seasons, but the survival rate in spring is the highest.
4. Planting density Afforestation density directly affects the young forest canopy to achieve the time of canopy closure, the production of forest trees and the quality of wood. In order to make the young forest planted on the barren sandy land closed as soon as possible, it is appropriate to properly close the plant according to local conditions. The line spacing should be large, and the plant spacing should be small. Large lines are easy to raise and manage, leaving a certain width of grass belt between rows, which can reduce the sand damage caused by wind erosion of young trees. The small plant spacing can improve early stagnation and is conducive to sapling growth. Therefore, the afforestation density is 3300-5000 per hectare, and the specifications are 1 × 3 m and 1 × 2 m. The afforestation is usually carried out in 3 × 3 m, 4 × 4 m, with 3333 plants per plant and 3,750 plants per hectare, and 5 plants with 5,555 plants and 3,125 plants. The above is a large density, 8 years after planting, and 10-12 years old trees gradually differentiate. At this time, a thinning should be carried out with a thinning intensity of 25-30% and an interval of 5-6 years.
5. After the afforestation, the afforestation in the autumn of the year, where the survival rate is below 85% or the young plants die unevenly, the second year must choose strong seedlings or seedlings slightly larger than the original saplings, and replant the plant spacing according to the original planting. . Planting pine in the desert area, the first 1-2 years after planting, in addition to 2-3 times of cultivating and weeding every year, wintering measures should be taken to prevent young trees from being hit by sandstorms and animals (livestock, hare, voles).
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