According to the Daily Science website, a new study published in the recent "Journal of Neuroscience" shows that male pups have more specific brain proteins that can promote language development than female counterparts. At the same time, the researchers also tested a group of children and found that there are gender differences in human brain proteins. This discovery may reveal gender differences in animal communication and human language communication.
Children show significant gender differences at the beginner language and language development stages-on average, girls tend to speak earlier and are more complex than boys of the same age. Scientists have been exploring the causes and significance of these differences. Previous studies have shown that in humans, birds and other mammals, Foxp2 protein plays an important role in language communication.
In this new experiment, Michael Bowles, Margaret McCarthy of the University of Maryland School of Medicine and their colleagues investigated whether gender differences in Foxp2 protein expression during brain development will cause differences in male-female communication .
They analyzed the basic situation of Foxp2 protein in the brains of male and female pups born only 4 days ago, and compared them with the ultrasonic wailing sounds emitted when parents or siblings were separated. The results showed that compared with females, male pups had higher levels of Foxp2 protein in areas related to cognition, emotion, and vocalization, and they produced twice as much noise as females during the separation period of about 5 minutes. This was first discovered by the mother and brought back to the nest.
However, when the researchers reduced the Foxp2 protein in the brains of male pups and injected more pups into female pups, the situation was reversed-female pups sounded more like males, and males more like female. This change led to a change in the behavior of the mother, which would preferentially bring the female pups back to the nest.
In addition, the researchers also conducted a preliminary study of Foxp2 protein in a group of children. They found that unlike the male Foxp2 protein in young rats, girls have more Foxp2 protein than boys of the same age in the cortex of the brain area that controls language.
"This is one of the first studies to report gender differences in the expression of language-related proteins in the human or animal brain." McCarthy said, "These findings increase gender differences in brain and behavior that are more prevalent and established than previously thought. The possibility of getting earlier. "
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