Imported pulp classification
China's imported commercial pulp mainly comes from Canada, the United States, Russia, Finland, Sweden, Indonesia, Brazil and other countries, and the pulp properties vary.
At present, most of the commercial pulps traded internationally are needle and hardwood bleached kraft pulp. China is also mainly importing such pulp. Bleached kraft pulp is generally divided into five categories, namely Northern Bleached Softwood Kraft Pulp (abbreviated as NBSK), Northern Blended Hardwood Kraft Pulp (abbreviated as NBHK), Southern Bleached Softwood Kraft Pulp (abbreviated as SBSK), Southern Bleaching Hardwood kraft pulp (abbreviated as SBHK), bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp (abbreviated as BEK).
Northern Bleached Softwood Kraft Pulp (NBSK)
1. Scandinavia
The Scandinavian countries produce only two main types of conifers, pine and spruce. Usually the fiber length is 3.1~3.3mm, and the diameter is only 30~32μm, which is shorter and thinner than the domestic similar varieties such as Canada. These fibers are uniformly distributed in the pulp and have approximately the same specifications and similar cell walls. This type of NBSK does not have a particularly high tensile or folding resistance, tearing is much lower than any southern policy, but has a higher bursting resistance and is higher due to longer fibers and smaller diameters. the number of fibers per unit weight (the number of fibers / gram), and therefore suitable for manufacturing tough, smooth surface required LWC offset paper, coated paper, double-sided, single-sided coated paper, gravure printing paper, pressure sensitive release Paper, etc.
2. Russia
The main species of NBSK in Russia are red, white pine and larch. Red and white pine are similar to Canadian spruce and fir. The late wood rate is low and the cell wall is thin. The combination with larch can produce better synergistic effect, so mixed pulping is generally adopted. The NBSK in the Russian Far East is roughly the same category as Scandinavia.
3. Canada
Canada's vast territory, the production of NBSK due to different species, the fiber itself has a large inconsistency, and China's imports of NBSK from Canada is also the most. Canadian forests can be broadly divided into six areas, and pulp mills are generally close to forest areas.
(1) West Coast of BC
The forest here is home to native hemlock and secondary hemlock, and on Vancouver Island and along the coastline, there are plenty of thick-walled Douglas fir and cedar. Mixed with these four main species, there are a few large firs, western spruce and white spruce. The softwood fibers on the west coast of BC are very long, sometimes exceeding 4 mm, and can be used on ultra-low-quantity paper grades (such as dictionary paper) because they require wet tensile strength and maximum fiber interlacing properties to reduce wet end breaks.
(2) Mackenzie Valley in BC
There are many species grown here, including Enshi spruce, American black pine, western yellow pine, big fir, white spruce and hemlock, but there are few or few Douglas fir and cedar. NBSK from such areas is a good multi-purpose material (called versatile pulp) but has no outstanding physical properties. Even so, paper producers still like the uniformity, reliability and relative ease of beating of such NBSKs.
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