1. Trauma: The wounded area cannot be touched by hand or washed with water. If it is a glass wound, the broken glass should be picked out from the wound first. Mild wounds can be coated with gentian violet syrup (or red mercury, iodine wine), if necessary, sprinkle some anti-inflammatory powder or apply some anti-inflammatory cream, and bandage.
2. Scald: Do not wash the wound with cold water. When the skin of the wound is not broken, you can apply saturated sodium bicarbonate solution or use sodium bicarbonate powder to make a paste and apply it to the wound. You can also apply badger oil or scald cream; if the wound is broken, you can apply some purple medicine Or 1% potassium permanganate solution.
3. Eye burns or falling into foreign bodies: immediately rinse with plenty of water for 15 minutes, do not use dilute acid or alkali. If glass fragments get into your eyes, do not pick them up or turn your eyes. Can let it shed tears, if not effective, gently wrap the eye with gauze and rush to the hospital. Other foreign objects can be taken out by others by opening the eyelids and using a sterile cotton swab.
4. Injury caused by acid corrosion: first rinse with plenty of water, then with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (or dilute ammonia water, soapy water), and finally rinse with water. If acid splashes into the eyes, rinse with plenty of water and take to hospital for treatment. But concentrated sulfuric acid cannot be washed with water when it sticks to the skin, because a lot of heat will be generated and it will burn the skin. It should be treated with ricinic acid first, and then with sodium bicarbonate solution. In severe cases, seek medical attention as soon as possible after treatment.
5. Injury caused by alkali corrosion: first rinse with a large amount of water, then with 2% acetic acid solution or saturated jumping acid solution, and finally rinse with water. If alkali splashes into the eyes, wash with a solution of ricinic acid.
6. Inhalation of irritating or toxic gases: acidic gas can be inhaled with 5% sodium bicarbonate solution; alkaline gas can be inhaled with 3% ricinic acid solution for medical treatment; when inhaling chlorine gas or chlorine hydrogen gas, A small amount of mixed steam of alcohol and ether can be inhaled to detoxify it; when inhaling hydrogen sulfide or carbon monoxide gas and feeling uncomfortable, you should immediately go outside to breathe fresh air. However, it should be noted that artificial respiration is not allowed for chlorine and bromine poisoning; stimulants are not allowed for carbon monoxide poisoning.
7. Poisoning entrance: Add 5 ~ 10ml of dilute copper sulfate solution to a glass of warm water. After taking it orally, use your finger to reach into the throat to induce vomiting and vomit poison, then immediately send to the hospital.
8. Injury caused by bromine corrosion: wash the wound with benzene or glycerin, and then wash with water.
9. Burned by phosphorus: it should be quickly rinsed with a large amount of water, and then covered with gauze soaked with 1% copper sulfate to make the residual phosphorus generate black carbon dioxide and then washed away. It can also be covered with gauze soaked in 25% sodium bicarbonate solution for 2 hours to oxidize phosphorus to phosphoric anhydride. After rinsing, dry gauze bandage. It should be reminded that it is forbidden to wrap with the oil gauze layout, because the phosphorus dissolves with the oil, which promotes the absorption of the body and easily causes systemic poisoning.
10. In benzene poisoning, mild patients show fatigue, headache, dizziness, dry throat, cough, nausea, vomiting, hallucinations, etc .; moderate manifestations of drunkenness, drowsiness, disturbance of consciousness and even fainting; Death from respiratory paralysis. During the first aid, the patient should be immediately transferred to a place with fresh air, the contaminated clothing should be changed, and the contaminated skin should be washed in time. Inhale oxygen and inject muscle stimulants. Epinephrine is forbidden and promptly sent to the hospital for rescue.
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