In recent years, people have formed a consensus: the reason why the Soviet-style furniture in the middle of the Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty was typical of Ming-style furniture was mainly because the style characteristics of the Soviet-style furniture reflected a cultural spirit or aesthetic sentiment of our national culture. It contains a highly intelligent literati and a noble literary temperament.
Yu Shiying, the author of "The Scholars and Chinese Culture", once pointed out: "The inheritance and innovation of culture and thought are the central tasks of the scholars from beginning to end." This work of Yu Shi is more about explaining China from the perspective of spiritual culture. This relationship between literati and Chinese culture. However, history also tells us very vividly that culture and thought often contain various pursuits of material life. In other words, people's interest and hobbies in material products also reflect people's consciousness and feelings. Chinese literati have never given up the "inheritance" and "innovation" in this respect. They play a leading role in the "humanity" bridge between material and spiritual, and make unremitting efforts in the creation of material culture. The Soviet-style furniture in the Ming and Qing Dynasties is the carrier of this kind of culture. Their great achievements are the cultural spirit contained in the material. This is the most precious heritage and wealth left by the Soviet-style furniture.
First, the good old-fashioned feelings are the richness of the beauty of Soviet-style furniture
As a spiritual and cultural connotation embodied in material products, Su-style furniture first conveys an excellent tradition, thought and aesthetic concept from the object shape. For a long time, in ancient China, the art tradition of "Dan lacquer is not literary, white jade is not carved, jewels are not decorated, and the quality is more than the decoration, the quality is beautiful" has produced the white porcelain and celadon and yuan of the Song Dynasty. The blue-and-white porcelain of the generations, they have become the typical example of the beauty of “Furong water†and “Miao-made nature†in the national material culture. The Soviet-style furniture in the Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty inherited and carried forward this artistic tradition. Its style is simple, elegant and vivid, and it does not emphasize carving and emphasizes the aesthetic style of natural materials. It also shows the same purpose. This kind of interest or aesthetic meaning is the pursuit of the fundamental purpose of Jiangnan literati for a long time.
From many literatures, we can see that the ancient style of the Wudi literati is often concentrated in the "Yan Yanzhi, the exhibition history, reading and calligraphy, Chen Dingzhen, Luo Cai nuclear, Shi pillow" (Ming Wen Zhenheng In the daily life of "Long Story". Their life tastes are often "the secrets of Yunlin, the high-pitched ancient stone, only a few dozens of couches, people want to see the wind, so the gods are cold. So the heroes live, the entry has an elegant and unique interest". In the eyes of Jiangnan literati, the style and style of life, including furnishings and furniture, everything is the embodiment of the owner's hobbies, character and aesthetic consciousness. Therefore, for the furniture that accompanying their daily living, they must be simple and simple, showing all kinds of extraordinary and transcendental extraordinary, even one or more couches should try to meet the highest ideals of their lives.
Especially after the special attention of the literati of the late Ming Dynasty, the Soviet-style furniture gained the materialization of this personality and mind in the infiltration of traditional culture. From Ming Zhan's "Zunsheng Gossip" to Wen Zhenheng's "Long Story", there are Qing Li Yu's "Easy Sending" and Shen Fu's "Five Life Six", we can see that They all pay attention to the traditional Jiangnan scribes' outlook on life and seek the spiritual development of the material culture of real life. Wen’s fear is that “the Wu people’s heart is changing day by dayâ€, “the little things are long, and there are people who don’t know what to do in the future. They talk about the embankment,†wrote a “Long Story†to make today’s people touch. The true feelings of the ancient people made us understand the cultural sentiments that they most deliberately demanded in material life.
Today, from the hundreds of years that have been handed down for hundreds of years, we have seen the form and rules of this "several man-made system", that is, the Soviet-style furniture advocates simple, simple, concise, elegant and interesting beauty. , and a rich and literate atmosphere. The circle chair, the wenwan chair, the rose chair, the desk, the drawing table, the bookcase, the painting cabinet, the flower table, the incense stick, etc. in the Su-style furniture have become the most typical styling images of the Su-style style. They are the Chinese nation. A rare art treasure of traditional culture.
Zhou Gongyi, a disciple of Wen Zhengming, one of the "Ming Four", wrote a five-word quatrain on the back of a rosewood armchair he used: "Nothing to sit still, one day as two days. If you live In seventy years, it is one hundred and forty." There is no such thing. The Nanjing Museum’s desk, which was made in Suzhou during the Wanli Period, is also engraved with a piece of "beautiful and solid, and the work is simple and sturdy. ), I am a hundred words of my centuries. This table and chair makes us truly experience the spiritual expectations of Wudi literati in the daily practical furniture. The literati life of leisure and leisure makes them deeply settled, not impetuous, and without anger. Therefore, the style of Su-style furniture is inevitably in line with their reason and temperament, and the styling of "square justice" and "quaint and elegant" has become a unique form. Su-style furniture not only reveals the charm of plastic art through exquisite, well-proportioned, generous and stretched physical form, but also conveys a kind of harmony and harmony in nature, giving people a super-conscious, simple and elegant aesthetic enjoyment. Therefore, we will not realize that the style and characteristics of this "ancient" and "elegant" of Soviet-style furniture were born in the cultural spirit of the so-called "old system" and "clear elegance" advocated by the literati; In the sense of aesthetics, it is their summary of the aesthetic traditions of history and the promotion of the spirit of national outstanding culture.
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