Interpretation of Stamp Printing Technology and Anti-counterfeiting Technology (3)

Second, the stamp of anti-counterfeiting technology

1. Printing anti-counterfeiting technology

As mentioned above, the current printing of stamps is mainly gravure printing. This is because gravure printing has better security. It is widely used in security printing. The gravure printing is characterized by a large amount of ink. Therefore, the gravure printing line thickness and the density of the ink are richly varied. The picture and text have a concave and convex sense, and the layers are various. The lines are clear and easy to be identified, which brings great difficulties to counterfeiting. Gravure is the first printing technology used in the field of security.

In the printing of stamps, our hand-carved intaglio technology is world-class. The hand-sculpted knife style and artistic style are unmatched by other plate making methods. The portraits of Chinese and foreign countries’ banknotes have traditionally been hand-carved and hand-carved to express the characteristics of the characters. Hand-engraved deep-print printing products have a thick ink layer, good hand feeling, and strong anti-counterfeiting. However, there are two problems with hand-carving. First, it is inefficient and not suitable for rapid production. In addition, since hand-engraving must be done with a guillotine knife, the stencil inscribed in the depth direction is a “V”-shaped groove. This type of groove does not have good ink receptivity. If the recess is a gravure printing method, the ink in the groove is easily wiped out, and the printed ink layer becomes less full and thicker. This is two issues that must be resolved. In solving the problem of efficiency, foreign countries in the engraving of portraits is to magnify the image of the portrait first to magnify the image of the copper plate, after manual sculpting the enlarged portrait of the copper plate as a template; use this template as a mold, using shrinkage machine in the steel plate shrink Carve a portrait that meets the specifications. With sensible heat, engraving copper plates is easier and more effective than direct engraving of steel plates. As for the problem of solving the groove "V" shape, it is necessary to tap the potential of the etching and gravure process. Corrosion gravure process is to directly singly open the picture and text film on the copper plate coated with photosensitive material for corrosion. The copper plate has low hardness, and other high hardness plates can be pasted on the back of the copper plate. Or you can charge a layer of copper on a harder lining. After the single-opened corroded copper plate, the strength-improved processed copper plate is pressed on a 1 mm thick plastic plate with a hot press. The plastic plate is made into a large plastic plate by precision cutting and high-frequency welding, and a large plastic plate is used. Plated copper plated, nickel plated copper plated and finally nickel plated plate for machine use. The gravure produced by this etching process has a "U" shape groove, and has good ink storage properties, and the printed product has a thick ink layer and strong hand feeling. Moreover, the method of etching can produce very small texts and very fine lines. Now the size of the miniature text can already be 150-m, so that the small gravure microtext can only be observed under a magnifying glass and can be clearly seen.

The refractive index of intaglio invisible text made by etching method is good, and the color change is obvious. At the same time, the method of producing gravure solves the problem of ink accumulation of gravure plate lines, and also solves the problem of low efficiency of manual engraving. However, the large version of the corrosion method also requires imposition, electroplating, and several repetitive processes to make the plate. This also has the problem of low efficiency. To solve this problem, people have been exploring whether or not the method of etching can be used. The technical problem of directly making intaglio.

2. Application of Laser Holographic Anti-counterfeiting Technology in Stamp Printing

Laser holographic anti-counterfeiting technology is a high-tech anti-counterfeit technology that emerged in the 1980s. It uses the basic laws of scattering, reflection, transmission, diffraction, interference, and absorption generated by the action of light and matter to obtain a special visual effect. At present, the technical means of using optical anti-counterfeiting are multilayer dielectric film structures, grating structures and various types of laser holographic technology that utilize the concept of information light and light using the thin film interference effect. The feature is that the emergence of the molding process enables the realization of low-cost high-volume manufacturing of laser holograms. In addition, the hologram itself contains a wealth of information, and the holographic logo cannot be simply copied using ordinary photoengraving and printing techniques. Holograms soon gained application in anti-counterfeiting security.

The application of laser holographic anti-counterfeiting technology to stamp printing was in the late 1980s. The world's first postage stamp with a holographic anti-counterfeiting design was issued on October 18, 1988, by the Austrian sender's 8th shilling stamp. The stamp was exhibited at the International Chamber of Commerce's Export Fair and was very popular. The center of the stamps has three holograms, and the shape of the sailing boat, which consists of the A letter and MADE IN AUSTRIA, symbolizes the meaning of the export. Later, on December 3, 1989, the U.S. Department of Post issued a 25-cent prepaid envelope (with a hologram inside the square-shaped opening in the upper right corner of the envelope, produced by the American Banknote Holographic Company) whose hologram was a spacecraft on board. space station. Subsequently, Finland, Hungary, Poland, Canada, Mongolia, Australia and many other countries have issued such stamps with anti-counterfeiting technology, making the holographic anti-counterfeiting technology play a huge role in the anti-counterfeiting of stamps. In 1996, China issued this kind of stamp. First, it issued a souvenir cover for the "Hong Kong 98" Exhibition. The commemorative cover is affixed with a small round hologram. The picture is a panda holding a bamboo. The stamp is a picture of a green bamboo forest. Later, in order to celebrate the 22nd China Stamp Exhibition, a commemorative stamp with a holographic pattern was issued on July 18, 1996. The image of the stamp is a statue of a person flying around the earth. Surrounding the stamp is an airmail envelope, an airplane, a ship, and a truck. In addition, on February 15, 1994, China’s Xiangdao issued two postal postcards with holographic stamps. The holographic stamp on a postcard is a portrait of a Victorian female worker in 1685. The postcard on this stamp is the 1920's Hong Kong waterfront, and the hologram on the other postcard is a Queen Elizabeth II of England. The avatar, the picture of this postcard is the Hong Kong waterfront of 1933.

3. AM cable and FM network

As a new anti-counterfeiting technology, outlet changes are now attracting people's attention. It is gradually being used for security printing of tickets and has a good effect. The principle is to convert continuous tone images, texts, graphics, etc. into small dotted lines with certain directionality. By changing their angles, latent images are formed. This pattern cannot be seen with the naked eye, but it will show up on a digital scan. The FM network is to transform the image into tiny ideas, relying on the denseness of the ideas to express the depth of the image density. If you use a copier to copy it will produce moire. The United States has adopted a part of the stamp in this type of security. The direction of the overall offset printing dot of the stamp is regular, and the direction of the dot is only changed in the latent image part. Nothing can be seen with the naked eye, but it can be clearly seen on a postmark detector with a lenticular lens.

4. Tooth hole security

This is one of the commonly used footwork in stamp security. We know that after the stamps have been produced, they must be perforated. The earliest stamping of the stamps was to facilitate the tearing of stamps. Later, people gradually used the shape, arrangement, and density of the perforations to prevent stamps. To prevent imitation of stamps and increase their collection value. Nowadays, there has been a great improvement in anti-counterfeiting technology for tooth holes, which has become an important aspect of stamp security.

In addition to the above, the security of the stamps includes the anti-counterfeit designs, anti-counterfeiting of special printing inks, and anti-counterfeiting of the special printing inks. In short, most of the techniques and materials used in ticket security can be used in stamp security.

With the continuous development of anti-counterfeiting technology and materials, the security of stamps in the future will be developed to a higher level. Basically, it can use the high-tech materials and techniques used in ticket fraud protection. Of course, the security of stamps is not as urgent as that of banknotes and other security measures. Important, because the use of stamps (ie, mail) on the anti-counterfeiting is not of great significance, this is mainly due to its low face value, and the counterfeiters spend more energy than gain. The real significance of stamp security is the collection value of treasures. However, because the collection value is in proportion to the age and the number of the varieties, if the time is long, the paper quality of the stamps will inevitably be different from the new printing at the time of counterfeiting. , counterfeit products are easily found and lose their value; and if counterfeiters are printing in large quantities, they will lose the significance of rare varieties, and therefore they will be easily discovered by people and lose their value. Therefore, on the whole, stamp security is not important for security such as banknotes. However, this does not mean that the security of stamps is not important. This can be explained by the appearance of rare stamps in the world.


Source: Greater China Graphic Arts

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