The green packaging industry can be divided into three types according to the type of technology: packaging made from natural materials, packaging made from ecological materials, or ecologically reconstructing traditional materials, and reusing reusable packaging materials. Divided by time series, the first two technologies occur before packaging and can be referred to as early industries, and the latter can be referred to as post-processing industries.
The pre-green packaging industry, the status of the industry at home and abroad, and their comparison:
Paper packaging paper packaging is an important part of packaging products, although it has a great impact on the environment during the papermaking stage. However, in the construction of paper mills, developed countries in the world consider the investment in the sewage treatment system to meet the national discharge standards, and China is the world's largest papermaking country, and its output ranks third in the world. However, most factories are small factories, causing great environmental pollution, especially in the Huaihe River Basin, so the country has closed most paper mills in the country in recent years and has advocated the construction of large-scale paper mills with a size of over 100,000 tons. However, the scale of papermaking enterprises in developed countries is more than 100,000 tons, and 300,000 tons of papermaking enterprises are more.
According to statistics from 1996, the world's paper production was 28,1968 kt, of which, 81,837 kt were from the United States, 30013 kt from Japan, and 26,000 kt from China. The above three countries ranked among the top three in the world. The top three countries for pulp production are: 58,234 tons in the United States, 24,352 tons in Canada, and 19,000 tons in China. The per capita paper consumption ranks among the top three countries in the world: 320.4 kg in Finland, 319.5 kg in the United States, and 258.1 kg in Belgium, while China ranks 30th in the world.
Taking the corrugated paper box industry with a large amount of paper as an example, the total output of corrugated boxes in the world in 1996 was 112,624 million square meters, of which 35,134 million square meters in the United States, 13,340 million square meters in Japan, and 6,669 million square meters in China (including Hong Kong). m, Germany 6264 million square meters, China (including Hong Kong) ranked third.
The paper bag packaging industry in foreign developed countries is very developed. The large number of shopping bags on the market are paper bags; while the paper bag industry in China is not well developed, and the shopping bags on the market are mainly plastic shopping bags. Paper shopping bags have developed in recent years, but there is still a considerable gap with the world level.
Cement packaging is a large domestic and foreign packaging product. Due to the lack of wood resources, we have used grass pulp paper as the strength of cement bags. Therefore, over ten years, we have vigorously promoted the use of plastic substitute paper to make it difficult to handle large amounts of waste plastic woven bags, resulting in greater environmental pollution. Packed in paper bags.
Paper cups, paper trays, and paper cutlery are very popular in foreign countries and have a long history of development. Using these products instead of plastics and glass packaging products is the direction of green packaging development. China's industrial development in this area is relatively late, regardless of output and quality. In terms of varieties, there are large gaps. These gaps are mainly reflected in the paper and cardboard used to make these products. In order to rapidly reduce this gap, several large-scale functional paperboard factories for food packaging should be established to meet the urgent need in the domestic market.
Grain packaging and food paper bags have been widely used in developed countries in the 1970s. However, the large amount of food used in our country is only a matter of recent years. This will play a big role in the sales and use of food and food. Grain paper packaging paper bags are now imported from abroad. A few small factories have also been established in recent years in China. However, there is a considerable gap between production and quality and the world level.
Plant fiber snack lunch boxes (made with straw, wheat straw, bagasse, grain husks and other raw materials) have started relatively quickly in recent years and have come under stronger pressure. This is a green packaging with Chinese characteristics, pending state support for policies and funds. Our research and development in this area is not far behind the world level.
Natural green packaging materials are our country's traditional packaging materials. We are another green packaging product with Chinese characteristics. Natural plant and mineral resources are widely sourced and easily recycled, and do not cause pollution to the environment. They are truly green packaging products. Although there are many advantages, due to the fact that plants carry phytopathogenic bacteria, they are vulnerable to foreign resistance in terms of foreign trade. This is a major drawback that cannot be easily overcome. Recently, the U.S. Customs put forward a difficult case for the wooden box packaging used for machinery and equipment exported from China, which affects export trade, but there is still a vast market for domestic use.
Honeycomb core board cardboard packaging box can be used as a packing box for packaging heavier products. It can also be used to make strong trays and lining buffer cushions. It can also be used as a box making material with a wide range of applications. Carton boxes can be packaged with weights ranging from tens of kilograms to thousands of kilograms.
Pulp molding products have been supported by the vast number of environmentally friendly consumers since its inception, and its output is rising significantly. At present, the total world production has reached around 600,000 tons. China's pulp molding industry started relatively late and has now introduced 10 production lines from the United Kingdom, France, Canada, Denmark, and Japan. China has developed and developed more than a dozen large-scale lines and dozens of small-scale lines, but its output and quality and foreign advanced level There is still a big gap.
Annual output of plastic packaging global plastics is more than 100 million tons, of which 30% is used for packaging. In 1996, China's plastic packaging products were 2.43 million tons. Plastic packaging materials belong to the shortest period of use in plastic products, generally 1 to 3 months. The longest period is one year. Since then, MSW has mostly entered municipal waste disposal systems. Some of them have been abandoned and become “white pollution,†which is opposed by the government and the people.
In order to solve the "white pollution", the domestic and international packaging industry attaches great importance to put forward various treatment programs, one of which is to develop, develop and produce degradable plastics.
Since the 1960s, people began to develop degradable plastics. After decades of efforts, the functional and composite degradable plastic products have been made in developed industrial countries.
Composite degradable plastic is based on the current plastic resin, adding a certain amount of additives. Its product features are: the use of additives as a culture agent for microorganisms to achieve degradable plastic products. The biggest drawback is that it still hasn't completely solved the fatal hazards such as “white pollution†and “soil desertificationâ€.
Functional degradable plastics are classified into two categories: photodegradable and biodegradable: Photodegradable plastics use this plastic polymer resin for light sensitivity, absorb sunlight energy, and decompose into small molecules to achieve the purpose of degradation. Its fatal weakness is that organic compounds are often non-toxic and odorless in the presence of organic macromolecules, but once it is degraded into small molecules, its toxicity to the natural environment cannot be ignored. This is actually one type of pollution instead of another.
The other type is a functional biodegradable plastic, which is a synthetic polymer produced by microorganisms such as bacteria or food or food. Since this raw material itself is a carbon source or energy source for microorganisms, it can be absorbed by these microorganisms in the natural world without causing any pollution, and thus is truly a completely pollution-free degradable plastic. This kind of product has already begun to be put on the market in foreign countries, but this aspect of technology and technology are completely confidential, and basically do not transfer.
As mentioned above, the modification of existing plastics into additive-based degradable plastics alone cannot fundamentally address the serious environmental pollution. After decades of research, elimination, and selection, the world has basically determined the development direction of biodegradable biodegradable plastics based on lactic acid or hydroxybutyric acid. Only because these two kinds of raw materials are expensive, in a considerable period of time, it is impossible to achieve industrial production. To achieve the commercial production of this type of degradable plastic that we choose, we must first reduce the price of these raw materials.
In recent years, due to the development of biotechnology, people can make use of genetic engineering methods to produce these raw materials on a large scale, thereby reducing the price of raw materials and realizing the industrialized production of this completely degradable plastic.
According to relevant information, Western Europe, North America, Japan, and South Korea have developed small batches of fully degradable plastic technology. For example, South Korea uses genetic engineering to produce fully degradable plastics, which have been used as disposable packaging bags and medical materials in the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, etc. However, due to its price of US$ 16-20 per kg, it is 20 times more expensive than general plastics. Times, so it is not used universally. At present, they use new methods to produce plastics. The price can be reduced to 4 US dollars per kilogram, which is close to the market's acceptable level. It is possible that after several years of hard work, it will be completely accepted by the market. Some universities in China have already begun research and development in this area. The use of radiation and mutagenesis, genetic engineering and other high technologies, and the use of bioengineering methods to produce fully degradable plastics have achieved initial results. It is entirely possible for the country to provide the country with fully degradable plastics for agricultural films and packaging and food within five years if the state provides support for policies and funding.
Metal packaging metal packaging is a green packaging product that is easy to recycle and reuse.
In 1996, China's output was 1.61 million tons, and its bulk product was 200 million liters of steel barrels. There are 14 million in Japan, 5 billion two-piece cans (about 100 billion in world production), 3.5 billion three-piece cans, 3 billion cans and 4 billion cans. The quality of the 200-liter steel drum is slightly different from the world level. The difference in the quality of special 200-liter steel drums is greater. It is important to point out that the iron (steel) stretching tank has just started in China, and there should be a large gap between the output and the quality and the world level, and we should vigorously develop it. Tinplate cutting production technology Application Coil tinplate instead of sheet tinplate should be quickly promoted to catch up with international standards.
Glass-packed high-strength lightweight glass bottles have been more commonly manufactured and used in developed countries. However, China only recently produced 330ml and 355ml lightweight beer bottles, which should catch up with the developed countries in the world as soon as possible.
The pre-green packaging industry, the status of the industry at home and abroad, and their comparison:
Paper packaging paper packaging is an important part of packaging products, although it has a great impact on the environment during the papermaking stage. However, in the construction of paper mills, developed countries in the world consider the investment in the sewage treatment system to meet the national discharge standards, and China is the world's largest papermaking country, and its output ranks third in the world. However, most factories are small factories, causing great environmental pollution, especially in the Huaihe River Basin, so the country has closed most paper mills in the country in recent years and has advocated the construction of large-scale paper mills with a size of over 100,000 tons. However, the scale of papermaking enterprises in developed countries is more than 100,000 tons, and 300,000 tons of papermaking enterprises are more.
According to statistics from 1996, the world's paper production was 28,1968 kt, of which, 81,837 kt were from the United States, 30013 kt from Japan, and 26,000 kt from China. The above three countries ranked among the top three in the world. The top three countries for pulp production are: 58,234 tons in the United States, 24,352 tons in Canada, and 19,000 tons in China. The per capita paper consumption ranks among the top three countries in the world: 320.4 kg in Finland, 319.5 kg in the United States, and 258.1 kg in Belgium, while China ranks 30th in the world.
Taking the corrugated paper box industry with a large amount of paper as an example, the total output of corrugated boxes in the world in 1996 was 112,624 million square meters, of which 35,134 million square meters in the United States, 13,340 million square meters in Japan, and 6,669 million square meters in China (including Hong Kong). m, Germany 6264 million square meters, China (including Hong Kong) ranked third.
The paper bag packaging industry in foreign developed countries is very developed. The large number of shopping bags on the market are paper bags; while the paper bag industry in China is not well developed, and the shopping bags on the market are mainly plastic shopping bags. Paper shopping bags have developed in recent years, but there is still a considerable gap with the world level.
Cement packaging is a large domestic and foreign packaging product. Due to the lack of wood resources, we have used grass pulp paper as the strength of cement bags. Therefore, over ten years, we have vigorously promoted the use of plastic substitute paper to make it difficult to handle large amounts of waste plastic woven bags, resulting in greater environmental pollution. Packed in paper bags.
Paper cups, paper trays, and paper cutlery are very popular in foreign countries and have a long history of development. Using these products instead of plastics and glass packaging products is the direction of green packaging development. China's industrial development in this area is relatively late, regardless of output and quality. In terms of varieties, there are large gaps. These gaps are mainly reflected in the paper and cardboard used to make these products. In order to rapidly reduce this gap, several large-scale functional paperboard factories for food packaging should be established to meet the urgent need in the domestic market.
Grain packaging and food paper bags have been widely used in developed countries in the 1970s. However, the large amount of food used in our country is only a matter of recent years. This will play a big role in the sales and use of food and food. Grain paper packaging paper bags are now imported from abroad. A few small factories have also been established in recent years in China. However, there is a considerable gap between production and quality and the world level.
Plant fiber snack lunch boxes (made with straw, wheat straw, bagasse, grain husks and other raw materials) have started relatively quickly in recent years and have come under stronger pressure. This is a green packaging with Chinese characteristics, pending state support for policies and funds. Our research and development in this area is not far behind the world level.
Natural green packaging materials are our country's traditional packaging materials. We are another green packaging product with Chinese characteristics. Natural plant and mineral resources are widely sourced and easily recycled, and do not cause pollution to the environment. They are truly green packaging products. Although there are many advantages, due to the fact that plants carry phytopathogenic bacteria, they are vulnerable to foreign resistance in terms of foreign trade. This is a major drawback that cannot be easily overcome. Recently, the U.S. Customs put forward a difficult case for the wooden box packaging used for machinery and equipment exported from China, which affects export trade, but there is still a vast market for domestic use.
Honeycomb core board cardboard packaging box can be used as a packing box for packaging heavier products. It can also be used to make strong trays and lining buffer cushions. It can also be used as a box making material with a wide range of applications. Carton boxes can be packaged with weights ranging from tens of kilograms to thousands of kilograms.
Pulp molding products have been supported by the vast number of environmentally friendly consumers since its inception, and its output is rising significantly. At present, the total world production has reached around 600,000 tons. China's pulp molding industry started relatively late and has now introduced 10 production lines from the United Kingdom, France, Canada, Denmark, and Japan. China has developed and developed more than a dozen large-scale lines and dozens of small-scale lines, but its output and quality and foreign advanced level There is still a big gap.
Annual output of plastic packaging global plastics is more than 100 million tons, of which 30% is used for packaging. In 1996, China's plastic packaging products were 2.43 million tons. Plastic packaging materials belong to the shortest period of use in plastic products, generally 1 to 3 months. The longest period is one year. Since then, MSW has mostly entered municipal waste disposal systems. Some of them have been abandoned and become “white pollution,†which is opposed by the government and the people.
In order to solve the "white pollution", the domestic and international packaging industry attaches great importance to put forward various treatment programs, one of which is to develop, develop and produce degradable plastics.
Since the 1960s, people began to develop degradable plastics. After decades of efforts, the functional and composite degradable plastic products have been made in developed industrial countries.
Composite degradable plastic is based on the current plastic resin, adding a certain amount of additives. Its product features are: the use of additives as a culture agent for microorganisms to achieve degradable plastic products. The biggest drawback is that it still hasn't completely solved the fatal hazards such as “white pollution†and “soil desertificationâ€.
Functional degradable plastics are classified into two categories: photodegradable and biodegradable: Photodegradable plastics use this plastic polymer resin for light sensitivity, absorb sunlight energy, and decompose into small molecules to achieve the purpose of degradation. Its fatal weakness is that organic compounds are often non-toxic and odorless in the presence of organic macromolecules, but once it is degraded into small molecules, its toxicity to the natural environment cannot be ignored. This is actually one type of pollution instead of another.
The other type is a functional biodegradable plastic, which is a synthetic polymer produced by microorganisms such as bacteria or food or food. Since this raw material itself is a carbon source or energy source for microorganisms, it can be absorbed by these microorganisms in the natural world without causing any pollution, and thus is truly a completely pollution-free degradable plastic. This kind of product has already begun to be put on the market in foreign countries, but this aspect of technology and technology are completely confidential, and basically do not transfer.
As mentioned above, the modification of existing plastics into additive-based degradable plastics alone cannot fundamentally address the serious environmental pollution. After decades of research, elimination, and selection, the world has basically determined the development direction of biodegradable biodegradable plastics based on lactic acid or hydroxybutyric acid. Only because these two kinds of raw materials are expensive, in a considerable period of time, it is impossible to achieve industrial production. To achieve the commercial production of this type of degradable plastic that we choose, we must first reduce the price of these raw materials.
In recent years, due to the development of biotechnology, people can make use of genetic engineering methods to produce these raw materials on a large scale, thereby reducing the price of raw materials and realizing the industrialized production of this completely degradable plastic.
According to relevant information, Western Europe, North America, Japan, and South Korea have developed small batches of fully degradable plastic technology. For example, South Korea uses genetic engineering to produce fully degradable plastics, which have been used as disposable packaging bags and medical materials in the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, etc. However, due to its price of US$ 16-20 per kg, it is 20 times more expensive than general plastics. Times, so it is not used universally. At present, they use new methods to produce plastics. The price can be reduced to 4 US dollars per kilogram, which is close to the market's acceptable level. It is possible that after several years of hard work, it will be completely accepted by the market. Some universities in China have already begun research and development in this area. The use of radiation and mutagenesis, genetic engineering and other high technologies, and the use of bioengineering methods to produce fully degradable plastics have achieved initial results. It is entirely possible for the country to provide the country with fully degradable plastics for agricultural films and packaging and food within five years if the state provides support for policies and funding.
Metal packaging metal packaging is a green packaging product that is easy to recycle and reuse.
In 1996, China's output was 1.61 million tons, and its bulk product was 200 million liters of steel barrels. There are 14 million in Japan, 5 billion two-piece cans (about 100 billion in world production), 3.5 billion three-piece cans, 3 billion cans and 4 billion cans. The quality of the 200-liter steel drum is slightly different from the world level. The difference in the quality of special 200-liter steel drums is greater. It is important to point out that the iron (steel) stretching tank has just started in China, and there should be a large gap between the output and the quality and the world level, and we should vigorously develop it. Tinplate cutting production technology Application Coil tinplate instead of sheet tinplate should be quickly promoted to catch up with international standards.
Glass-packed high-strength lightweight glass bottles have been more commonly manufactured and used in developed countries. However, China only recently produced 330ml and 355ml lightweight beer bottles, which should catch up with the developed countries in the world as soon as possible.
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