A research team led by Professor Chen Peidu, the State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Innovation at Nanjing Agricultural University, discovered a key member of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21, Stpk-V, which confers resistance to wheat powdery mildew. The results of this study were published in the latest issue of PNAS.
Wheat powdery mildew is a worldwide fungal disease caused by powdery mildew, and breeding resistant varieties is an effective way to control powdery mildew. The corresponding author of the article, Professor Chen Peidu, has long been engaged in scientific research on wheat genetics and breeding. He has located the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 on the short arm of the 6V chromosome, and introduced the 6VS • 6AL translocation line into wheat, which has provided a durable Broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance.
However, Pm21 is difficult to perform molecular genetic mapping because 6VS and 6AS are not paired. Moreover, all known germplasms of tufted wheat are immune to powdery mildew. Pm21 is still defined as a locus by cytogenetics.
In this study, the research team led by Professor Chen Peidu used molecular and cytogenetic techniques to clone and identify key members of the Pm21 gene-the serine and threonine protein kinase genes Stpk-V. Stpk-V is located on the Pm21 locus. The results of single cell transient expression analysis indicate that this gene can significantly reduce the haustorium index.
After transforming Stpk-V into a susceptible wheat variety Yangmai158, the transgenic plant showed high and spectral powdery mildew resistance, similar to T6VS • 6AL. In T6VS • 6AL and tufted wheat, the silence of Stpk-V gene increases the susceptibility. In addition, the researchers also found that Stpk-V can be induced by Bgt and exogenous H2O2. At the same time, it also regulates the increase of endogenous H2O2, causing the cells to die after being attacked by Bgt.
The authors mentioned in the article that in follow-up studies, they will use endogenous promoters to evaluate the function of Stpk-V and pay attention to the polymorphism of homologous genes in Stpk-V and other susceptible varieties. At the same time, they also wanted to determine how many genes are on the Pm21 locus and whether Stpk-V is the only gene necessary to confer a resistant phenotype.
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