Abstract: The vision of smart homes is attracting home appliance manufacturers, equipment manufacturers, software vendors, Internet companies and other parties. Today, when people are competing to launch smart home products and solutions, people have also discovered the fact that although smart home is an unstoppable trend, the technology of smart home is still not perfect, and the smart home system needs to be integrated. For the whole industry, only by making smart home products more abundant, and at the same time unifying standards as soon as possible, achieving interoperability between devices, and enabling smart home systems to have "learning" capabilities, it is possible to bring better experiences to users. Thereby promoting the development of the entire market.
The vision of smart homes is attracting home appliance manufacturers, equipment manufacturers, software vendors, Internet companies and other parties to compete. Today, when people are competing to launch smart home products and solutions, people have also discovered the fact that although smart home is an unstoppable trend, the technology of smart home is still not perfect, and the smart home system needs to be integrated. For the whole industry, only by making smart home products more abundant, and at the same time unifying standards as soon as possible, achieving interoperability between devices, and enabling smart home systems to have "learning" capabilities, it is possible to bring better experiences to users. Thereby promoting the development of the entire market.
With the rapid development of mobile Internet technology, the development of smart homes has gradually entered the stage of productization. However, most of the existing home devices on the market cannot be directly connected to the control terminal, and the user experience cannot be provided. In order to change this situation, the concept of integrated smart home system framework came into being. It not only enables the existing home equipment to be conveniently connected to the control terminal, but also can design the user behavior mode on the control terminal, continuously optimize the model according to the historical data used by the user, and finally automatically adjust the home equipment according to the current environmental scene. parameter. In other words, with the integrated smart home system, smart home is not only easier to use, but also has the ability to “learn†to continuously enhance the user experience.
Smart home calls for "integration"
The concept of smart home has emerged as early as in the 1990s, but at the time the entire industry was still in a wild stage, the concept was still being explored, product positioning was very vague, and technical support was insufficient. After entering the year 2000, the development of smart homes has improved, but it is still in the stage where there is no concept of light. Until recently, with the innovation and productization of mobile Internet, wireless sensors and other technologies, and the growing demand for technology-based life, smart homes are no longer just concepts, more and more products and applications are beginning to fall. And people are further exploring how to make smart homes more "smart" and have a better user experience, in order to get a large-scale popularity.
The integrated smart home system is emerging in this context. The integrated smart home system framework combines the latest technology of smart homes with mobile internet technology to connect home devices, making it easier for users to control home devices.
From a structural point of view, the integrated smart home system requires a central control server to be responsible for connecting all home devices. The device can be connected to the central control server by wire or wirelessly. For the renovated interior, it is generally convenient to use wireless. In order to cover as many products as possible on the market, the central control server supports mainstream wireless transmission protocols including WiFi, Bluetooth and ZigBee. On the device side, since most of the home devices do not have a wireless transmission module, in order to enable the device to be conveniently connected to the central control server, a set of plug-ins needs to be designed to facilitate the access of the device to the central control and can be controlled. At the same time, it is necessary to define a set of interface standards to solve the problem of a large number of devices that cannot be connected uniformly.
The integrated smart home system will provide two front-ends: Web and mobile, while supporting intranet and Internet access. In addition, the entire system needs to have a certain amount of intelligence, mainly reflected in the system can automatically "learn" the user's needs, thereby automatically adjusting the configuration of the device.
How to build an integrated smart home system
Building an integrated smart home system needs to address several key issues: how to connect existing devices to the control system, how to make the system more "smart", how to design a smart home system front end, how to achieve personalized design?
Existing equipment access control system
Getting existing devices to the control system means designing a set of plug-ins for existing non-smart devices to allow devices to be controlled. At the same time, it is necessary to define a set of interface standards for smart devices to achieve unified management.
The existing smart home equipment mainly has the following categories: lighting equipment, temperature control equipment and household appliances. For lighting equipment, it is only necessary to design a adapter at the power supply of the equipment. The adapter includes a wireless communication module, which can receive control signals from the central control server, adjust the current size, control the lighting device switch, illumination intensity, etc.; at the same time, can send the basic data of the current device to the central control server.
There are two transformation schemes for temperature control equipment. First, the switch control panel of the temperature control equipment is modified, and the wireless communication and control modules are added to control the functions on the control panel. This retrofit solution is aimed at central air conditioners without a wireless remote control. Second, for general air conditioning equipment, a wireless control unit with infrared can be designed to align the infrared emitting port of the device to be controlled. For household appliances, due to the diversity and complexity of the equipment, simply adding a set of plug-ins does not have the control authority for all functions. To effectively solve the network access problem of household appliances, it is necessary to cooperate with the product manufacturer.
The system needs to be more "smart"
The "smart" of the system means that the central control server is intelligent. In addition to collecting corresponding environmental data (including smart home equipment data and indoor environment temperature, humidity, lighting and time parameters) and recording user operation behavior, the central control server also needs to model the user's behavior and design a set. A model that predicts user behavior. The input to the model is primarily environmental data and user actions. The model performs parameter training in a supervised manner. When the user data is collected in a sufficient amount, the trained model can predict the behavior of the user, thereby automatically adjusting the parameters of the smart home device. At the same time, the model must be able to accept user feedback, and the feedback mechanism can correct the parameters of the model in real time.
In order to achieve automatic control of all home devices, the central control server needs to model different types of smart home devices. But the parameters of the model need to take into account the effects of different devices. For example, a model that controls the brightness of a light needs to take into account the combined effects of weather, environment, and ambient light intensity. If it is a sunny summer, in order to cool down, air conditioning cooling needs to be turned on. At the same time, in order to save electricity, the curtains will be pulled up. Therefore, the light-controlled model needs to take into account these conditions, turning on the lights during the day and when the curtains are pulled up.
For the integrated smart home system, the acquisition of user behavior data is very important, mainly by means of data reading on the mobile phone sensor, and then through simple processing to achieve the identification of user behavior. In general, the main sensors involved are: acceleration sensors, gyroscopes, and GPS. Acceleration sensors are mainly used to monitor changes in human behavior, including basic behaviors such as standing, sitting, and walking. When people use and carry their mobile phones, they will inevitably have corresponding position changes. In order to calibrate the position change of the mobile phone, it is necessary to collect the gyroscope data on the mobile phone. With the accelerometer and gyroscope data, the system can calculate the user's indoor behavior and trajectory. For example, the system can recognize the user moving from the kitchen to the bedroom and sitting down. This allows the central control server to shut down some kitchen equipment and turn on the appropriate equipment in the bedroom. The outdoor user motion track data is mainly monitored by GPS. By grasping the user's daily movement track, the system can estimate the time when the user arrives home, and automatically turn on the smart device such as air conditioner and rice cooker.
Essential front-end design
The front end of the smart home system uses the current popular B/S architecture. In addition to the traditional web control front end, a mobile front end has been added. In order to adapt to the two systems of iOS and Andriod, you can use the current popular HTML5 to design the app. The benefit of HTML5 is that one code can be used for two different mobile device operating systems, but some features unique to iOS are not. Since the central control server needs to be able to support external network access, the current home network access is implemented by dynamic IP allocation, and the dynamically allocated IP cannot be effectively used as the external server IP. For such a situation, you can consider using the current popular cloud virtual machine as a bridge between the central control server and the mobile device. At present, domestic mainstream cloud virtual machine providers, such as Alibaba Cloud, can provide affordable cloud virtual machine services.
Meet the individual needs of users
In addition to the unified smart home framework design, the framework must also support user-defined settings. Users can set the configuration parameters of the central control server according to their own needs, such as setting the judgment conditions for starting and closing various smart home devices. At the same time, it can also save different environment configurations, such as energy-saving mode, high-efficiency mode, etc., which can realize free switching when the demand changes, and users can also configure their own.
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