US develops new mid-infrared laser diode Researchers at Northwestern University in the United States have developed a small mid-infrared laser diode with a conversion efficiency of over 50%. Relevant reports claim that this achievement is a major breakthrough in quantum cascade laser (QCL) research, making quantum cascade lasers a practical step in many fields, including remote detection of hazardous chemicals. Related research results were published in the online version of the recent Nature Photonics magazine. The quantum cascade laser is a new type of diode laser with a light emitting mechanism different from the traditional semiconductor laser. It is designed according to the principle of quantum mechanics, and its light emitting wavelength can cover the mid-infrared region. Unlike traditional diode lasers, quantum cascade lasers are unipolar devices that only need electrons to operate, using electrons to transition between one-dimensional quantized conduction bands to achieve light emission. After years of research and industrial development, the conversion efficiency of modern near-infrared (wavelengths around 1 micrometer) laser diodes is close to the extreme, while mid-infrared (wavelengths greater than 3 micrometers) laser diodes can hardly reach the efficiency maximum. Previous reports believe that even if cooled to a low temperature, the conversion efficiency of high-efficiency quantum cascade lasers will not be higher than 40%. Researchers at the Northwestern University Quantum Device Research Center (CQD) have made breakthroughs in the efficiency of quantum cascade lasers by optimizing the material quality of laser equipment. They eliminated unnecessary design elements in laser operation at low temperatures. The new laser developed at a temperature of 40 Kelvin, the conversion efficiency of 4.85 micron wavelength light reached 53%. The leader of the research team, and Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Northwestern University in the United States, believes that the advent of this high-efficiency laser is a major breakthrough. This is the first time that scientists have Make the light energy emitted by the laser exceed the thermal energy. She emphasized that the laser conversion efficiency exceeded the threshold of 50%, which is a milestone achievement. According to reports, improving conversion efficiency is still the primary goal of laser research. The high efficiency demonstrated by the new equipment can greatly expand the power calibration range of quantum cascade lasers. Recent research shows that with the widespread development of quantum cascade lasers, the output power of a single pulse laser has reached as high as 120 watts, compared with 34 watts a year ago. The research was jointly funded by the US Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's High-Efficiency Mid-Infrared Laser (EMIL) project and the US Naval Research Institute.
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