On August 1, the West-East Gas Pipeline officially supplied gas to Shenzhen. Not long ago, several sections of the West-East Gas Pipeline also announced the start of construction. According to the "West-to-East Gas Pipeline" project plan, by 2015, the entire West Third Line will run through, and a natural gas pipeline network will be formed that will pass through Central Asia and stretch from east to west, north and south of China. The instrument for the safety inspection of pipeline damage for the nearly 40,000 kilometers of "Gasification China" energy artery started from several basic research projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
"Pig" has great skills
In November 2011, it was independently developed by Yang Lijian, a professor of the School of Information Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology. The large-aperture gas pipeline internal detection equipment is in the main pipeline of China ’s gas pipeline-the West-East Gas Pipeline, the second line from Dundong to Yandun The field test was successful.
This is also the team's work to fill the gap in the development of inspection equipment for high-pressure gas pipelines in China after independently developing inspection equipment for oil pipelines.
Pipelines are the main way to transfer oil and gas resources. At present, China has put into operation nearly 30,000 kilometers of long-distance oil and gas pipelines. Many oil and gas pipelines have been used for more than ten years. There are different degrees of corrosion, wear and accidental damage.
In November 2004, the aging-salty oil pipeline in Nanniwan, Baota District, Yan'an City burst and aging, causing more than 1,000 tons of crude oil leakage, direct economic loss of more than 4 million yuan, and dozens of acres of farmland around it were polluted.
On July 23, 2004, an oil pipeline in Xiayuan Xincun, Guangzhou Development Zone, aging and bursting. After the leak, two fires and explosions occurred. The outflow of crude oil was 8 tons; only one day later, China Petroleum Pipeline Company Dalian Oil Transportation Branch was located in Shifangdian. The aging and bursting of the oil pipelines in Tucheng, Shijiazhuang, the accident caused thousands of tons of crude oil to leak, and the safety of groundwater in the nearby area was threatened.
In July 2003, an oil pipeline leak accident occurred in Shenyang. The repair cost alone reached 2 million yuan. The leak also caused a lot of energy waste and serious environmental pollution. Some experts estimate that the resulting ecological damage cannot be recovered within 15 years.
There are too many similar examples. In the past period, the country ’s annual economic losses due to oil and gas pipeline leaks amounted to 100 million yuan. The hazard of gas pipeline leakage is far greater than that of oil pipeline. If these hidden dangers cannot be eliminated in time, once an accident occurs, it will cause huge economic losses and bring about production safety, environmental pollution and energy loss.
The primary condition for pipeline safe operation is pipeline damage detection, to determine the extent of pipeline corrosion and defects, and to provide a basis for pipeline operation, maintenance, and safety evaluation. However, pipeline inspection is also a recognized problem. The internationally accepted method is to use pipeline online inspection equipment (because it hums when walking in the pipeline, and is full of oil when it comes out, commonly known as "smart pipeline pig") to solve. International research in this area has a history of more than 40 years, but the detection technology is mastered by several multinational companies such as the United States, Britain and Germany. They are strictly confidential about all detection-related things, including instruments and related technical content.
Pipeline
"At present, there is no similar instrument in China. Compared with the instruments of several major international companies, our detection accuracy and speed are not inferior." Recently, Yang Lijian told the reporter of "China Science Daily", "The principle of this instrument is Detect magnetic leakage, as long as the pipeline is damaged, the instrument can detect it. "
The long-distance oil and gas pipeline internal inspection technology is a multi-disciplinary cross-fusion technology of non-destructive testing, data processing, ultra-low frequency communication, machinery, fluid mechanics, metallic materials, non-metallic materials, oil and gas storage and transportation. Foreign companies are deemed to be monopolized by unique skills, and do not conduct patent declaration and academic exchanges.
International pipeline inspection equipment is monopolized by several companies in the United States and Germany. A set of equipment ranges from millions of dollars to as much as tens of millions of dollars.
In 2001, based on the National Natural Science Foundation project "Research on High-precision Pipeline Magnetic Flux Leakage Online Detection System", the Yang Lijian team developed a detection instrument with independent intellectual property rights. / 8, which greatly suppressed the foreign company's quotation for pipeline inspection in China.
In 2000, Sichuan Gas Transmission Company only carried out some experimental tests on pipelines, which cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. In 2001, Xinjiang Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Company planned to change a 63-kilometre oil pipeline into a gas pipeline. This pipeline has been in service for 10 years, and the operating pressure of gas transmission is higher than that of oil transmission, and the requirements of various safety indicators are also higher than that of oil transmission. Oil, but if the new pipeline is re-laid, it will cost up to 60 million yuan. On the issue of whether to build a new pipeline, the company's technical experts are divided. After that, Xinjiang Sanye Pipeline Co., Ltd. used the pipeline magnetic flux leakage online detection system developed by Yang Lijian's team to detect the line and found that there were 10 severe corrosions and 50 moderate corrosions. On this basis, only 3 million yuan was used for pipeline repair in the later period, which not only saved a lot of funds, but also guaranteed production safety.
"(Multinational companies) do not sell the right to analyze pipeline inspection data even if they export equipment to China, which means that after we purchase the equipment, we have to pay a fee of 10,000 US dollars per kilometer and ask the supplier to come for inspection and analysis." Yang Lijian Say, "In the past few years there was a project where foreign companies had already adopted the same price as domestic competition to compete. They tried every way to crush us because they did not want us to exist."
The on-line testing instrument for oil pipeline developed by Yang Lijian team based on theoretical analysis, simulation calculation, repeated simulation and engineering test has broken the international monopoly. Since 2002, the instrument has successively carried out inspection engineering work in Daqing Oilfield, Jilin Oilfield, Sichuan Gas Field, and Xinjiang Oilfield, and achieved good results. In 2010, more than 10,000 pipeline corrosion defects and damages were detected in the entire pipeline inspection of the Luning Line, which has been completed for more than 30 years, and indirectly created economic benefits of more than 2 billion yuan.
In the field test of the large-aperture gas pipeline internal inspection equipment conducted by the team of Yang Lijian in November 2011, representatives of the internationally renowned pipeline internal inspection company US GE-PII and the German ROSEN company also participated in the test, which shows that in the gas pipeline In the development of testing equipment, China has once again reached the international forefront.
The science fund behind security
"Multinational companies have a strict technical monopoly on this. We can only start from scratch and start with basic theory. Therefore, in this research, the National Natural Science Foundation of China has played a vital role." Yang Lijian said.
With the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Yang Lijian's team started from the basic principles and began to study from instrument principles to technical and engineering issues. With the funding of the Director of the Information Science Department of the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2000, the General Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2002, and the Special Fund for Instruments of the National Natural Science Foundation of 2003, the team of Yang Lijian conducted a study on the mechanism of magnetic flux leakage, sensor design, and the impact of detection speed. Researched and completed the development of multiple models of high-precision pipeline magnetic flux leakage detection devices. They conducted research on the design of high-definition magnetic flux leakage detection sensors and research on data processing technology of mass storage; established a finite element model of the pipeline magnetic flux leakage detection device to determine the effects of various factors on the magnetic flux leakage detection signal; established the detection A new method of signal compensation for the speed change effect of the converter; a method of defect signal processing and analysis has been established, which can identify different defect signals, and effectively promoted the development and application of the detection technology of long pipeline oil and gas pipelines in China.
In order to solve the problem of wear in long-distance and high-speed pipeline flaw detection, the team conducted high-speed running wear-resistant technology, high permeability wear-resistant materials, weak magnetic excitation detection theory research. In order to solve the problems of instrument jamming and data storage in pipeline inspection, the team conducted low-pass capacity research, probe miniaturization, digitization, defect description model, wavelet feature extraction, neural network recognition and other basic research.
At the results appraisal meeting, experts agreed that the research provided basic theory and technical support for China's pipeline inspection technology to participate in international competition, and the main indicators of pipeline detection instruments developed reached the international advanced level, so that China has independent intellectual property rights. "Intelligent pipeline pig", and become one of the few countries in the world that can conduct research, manufacturing and service in this regard.
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