Associate Professor Zhao Ting of the Qiushi Advanced Research Institute of Zhejiang University, in collaboration with scientists from the United States and South Korea, invented a new technology called mGRASP, which can quickly and accurately reconstruct the synaptic connections of the brain under the optical microscope (Microscope), opening up for understanding brain function. New chapter. The research results were recently published in the top journal "Nature Methods".
The brain is an information calculation and transmission network composed of countless neurons. To understand the operation mechanism of the brain, we must understand how the basic calculation unit in the brain-neurons-are connected to each other. Rebuilding the neural network with an electron microscope is time-consuming and laborious. The speed of optical microscope imaging (Microscope Camera) is much faster than that of electron microscope imaging. However, under the optical microscope (Microscope), it is difficult to observe the structure of synapses. To solve this problem, mGRASP technology cleverly uses the green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeling technology.
The success of this technology also benefits from interdisciplinarity. In addition to biological and chemical technologies, biographical informatics technology in the field of computing also plays a vital role. We can obtain three-dimensional images of neurons and their synapses through Microscope Camera technology, but it is not easy to obtain useful biological knowledge from them. It is even more important to rely on visual observation to convert them into meaningful neural networks. An impossible task. Therefore, the researchers also developed a complete quantitative analysis system, which can automatically stitch the microscope images in multiple fields of view into a three-dimensional image containing complete neurons, and then extract the morphology and synapses of the neurons in the image. , Into a digital model that is easy to analyze, thereby enabling high-throughput neural network reconstruction.
The researchers estimate that with such a technology, the neural network reconstruction work that would have taken decades would be completed in a few weeks. In addition, the technology can also be applied to the study of disease mechanisms. Neurological diseases such as autism and Parkinson ’s disease may be related to abnormal neuron connections. Through mGRASP, you can observe how the neural network changes under these diseases, and infer their Pathological mechanism.
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