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Chen Yu
Department of Respiratory, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University
As the most common chronic airway disease, asthma depends largely on the environmental impact. What should be paid attention to in the home environment of asthma patients? Here are some detailed introductions for you:
1. It is necessary to reduce the source of other allogeneic proteins in the house: indoors should avoid moisture, darkness, and reduce the growth of mold; avoid planting some flowering plants, especially when the pollen flies in the spring and the peak season should close the doors and windows.
Do not feed all kinds of pets indoors. Because the fur, dander, secretions and excretions of pets such as cats, dogs and birds may cause asthma attacks as allergens, the dander and fur of dogs, cats and other pets have more Strong sensitization.
Old feathers and wool also often cause allergies. The excretion of some insects (mainly cockroaches) can also cause asthma attacks. Some people think that cockroaches are the main allergens causing asthma attacks in East China such as Shanghai and Nanjing. All the allergens should be avoided as much as possible.
2. Pay attention to reduce indoor dust: indoor dust can be used as a carrier to induce asthma, such as dust mites and their excrement, mold and its spores, pollen and so on. Most of these substances are allergic substances. When the patient inhales the dust, it may cause asthma attacks. The more the indoor dust is, the stronger the sensitization.
Therefore, the dust should be removed regularly, preferably by the patient's family (avoiding the patient to inhale dust). Generally, it is cleaned once every one or two days, and it is cleaned once a month. Indoor Furniture should be simple and clean, and the surface is easy to clean.
3. Pay attention to reduce mites twins: The main cause of allergies is dust mites, which grow in fur products or other soft items such as carpets, fur toys and mattresses. The number of mites in a mattress can be as many as 2 million.
In the arrangement and cleaning of the bedding, the bedding is not covered with duvets and silk quilts, and the bedding made of animal skin is not used. Regular scalding, sun quilt cover, pillowcase, window cover and other items. Bedding should be exposed and beaten frequently. Avoid sofas, soft chairs, curtains and cushions made of wool.
It is best to use cement or wooden flooring on the floor for scrubbing and not to use carpet. Pediatric patients should not play soft toys made of wool or animal fur. Regularly (such as once a week) put these toys into the freezer of the refrigerator for 12 hours to freeze the mites.
4. Avoid indoor gas pollution: the living environment is best to avoid air pollution, which can reduce unnecessary stimuli. Do not use a variety of spray insecticides to avoid pungent odors such as camphor, perfume, and cosmetics. Do not smoke indoors, use appropriate methods to reduce the pollution of gas and soot.
Pay attention to ventilation in the room, ventilate at least 2 times a day, and ventilate for 10-30 minutes according to the season (except when the outdoor air pollution is heavy or the pollen is flying peak season). If necessary, indoor air purification device can be used to keep the indoor air clean.
5. The use of air conditioners has advantages and disadvantages for asthma patients. The beneficial aspect is that the air conditioner can adjust the temperature in the room, filter the air entering the room, adjust the humidity in the room, help prevent the growth of indoor dust mites and cockroaches, reduce the concentration of indoor allergens, and thus reduce the onset of asthma. . However, if the adjustment is not proper, especially if the temperature is too low, there is no attention to keep warm, which may cause cold and cold, which may lead to asthma.
Therefore, as asthma patients and their families, they should strive to achieve the above points in the home environment, so that they can better control asthma and prevent acute exacerbation of asthma.
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