First, the printing industry requires high color reproduction
Printing is a graphic and communications industry. The image and graphics components are now becoming colorized. Even newspapers are almost full of color. Therefore, image reproducibility and color reproducibility play an important role in quality. With a lot of product packaging, the color of the images and the background color make it the basis for many customers to distinguish between authenticity and fakeness. Today, the division of labor in printing and peripheral industries is becoming increasingly dense. Regardless of whether hardware or software is driven by electronic digital technology, it can be measured, simulated, and controlled more accurately. Therefore, users of printed materials are increasingly rigorous about the differences in the color reproduction of printed products, and some are even more demanding. They not only exceed the ability of visual recognition, but also use instrument measurement to detect dark parts and dark parts, and to people. Eyes that are already insensitive to error values ​​do more than necessary measurement requirements and lose sight of the extent of the visual product requirements.
Second, color management from closed to open
In the 1970s and 1980s, the electronic scanning color separation machine was installed. The technicians would request to output the test color mesh, do printing and proof printing, and establish the closed color reproduction gamut and color balance system of the printing plant. If there are different printing paper, Also divided into bright surface copper plate, matte copper plate, non-coated three color curve management. The author asked him if the plate-making factory should respond to many different printing factories. He can't do everything one by one, but he can only use the color management system that hits prototypes.
Today, we no longer rely on R, G, B color filter concentration values ​​for color management, because it can not do the calculation of color difference values, and most of them use Lab stereo color space, L color brightness values ​​and ab and - The hue plane position of ab, when it is the data of the color value, the two color data can be used Lab gamut space regardless of RGB to CMYK, RGB to different RGB performance, CMYK to RGB, CMYK to different CMYK output performance change values. To calculate the conversion. And the two color gaps can also be used as the color difference display of the plane or stereoscopic gap with the value of ΔE, so the open prepress and printing equipment using this color space space is the mainstream of color management, and is used in different brand equipments. Different hardware, software color materials and media combinations, to do color value display and differential adjustment, today the ISO 12647 system, is also the Lab data values, to do the main color specification and operation, so that color reproduction can be more open and consistent performance.
Third, image input, shielding display and various output management
The traditional image input center has been equipped with a professional drum or platform CCD scanner with a good IT8 7-1 7-2 for transmissive and reflective color correction to capture image files. However, today it becomes a normal amateur CCD camera, and even image files captured by mobile phone cameras are reproduced under different hardware CCDs and software transcodes and color mechanisms. With the change of ambient lighting color temperature, many prepress jobs today have no funds. In a timely manner, artificial common sense colors and adjustments of edition adjustments are used. Therefore, if many prints are taken by studios today, there are color managers. Many of them are image screens with large differences in color tone between editions and are used in a small amount in the future. When printing without a plate, the situation is worse and worse. Therefore, AI artificial intelligence image trimming software is necessary.
Regarding the color reproduction of the screen, because it is more important to promote soft proofing of the far screen and soft proofing without paper, some advanced screens have automatic color correction equipment and programs, or color management software, and use measuring instruments to do screen color output. The revision is also very effective. However, different screens have different color gamuts, such as the color rendering of CRTs using cathode ray tubes (having a large back on the back), the use of electron beams to stimulate the emission of fluorescent toners, and thin LCD TFT screens that use backlights to create white light. , The use of filters to produce color, there are quite different, and 53LCD backlight module itself is also inconsistent color rendering. Basically, the color rendering performance of the screen is wider than that of the printed matter, but it does not mean that there is consistency and long-term stability. Even after the power is turned on, the color will be stable for 10 to 20 minutes. In addition, the human visual system determines the color of the optic nerve and changes the visual compensation. For example, if you go to the dark place for a while, you will feel darker when you return to the dark place, and you will adjust it later. This is the user must pay attention and understanding. of.
As for the output, it has long been the main objective of print output. The color reproduction includes the plate making process, media conditions, printing machine conditions, ink conditions, paper media conditions, even printing ink balance conditions, temperature and humidity conditions, and printing. Conditions such as pressure, comprehensive print version and color reproduction conditions, and the biggest pillar of color management is the stability and consistency of these conditions as the cornerstone, otherwise there are many reasons for its own conditions, then all information-based color management such as established on the beach The pavilion. The use of IT8 7-4 is the standard for color management of future output-type prints. The original IT8 7-3 color management and color ticketing tool has 928 colors that are not suitable for gamut and color spacing. Using the plate-making method, the IT8 7-4 color ticketing tool outputs color samples under stable printing conditions, and then uses a measuring instrument to input the IT8 7-4 color code data of the printing machine as a reference. Then use the IT8 7-4 file to send the digital IT8 7-4 color sample from the digital proofing machine such as the inkjet proofer. Then the data is input by the measuring instrument. The former is the reference and the digital image data of the inkjet sample is simulated. , Calculate more than 1500 color scales, trim the color â–³ E value of each color standard, form the ICC Profile characteristic correction file, such as several times can make and the printing machine IT8 7-4 color scale is very similar, the human eye does not see the difference â–³ E in 0.8 Digital proofing within the gap of ~1.5, and also because some prepress departments can make proofs according to the digital proofing, so that the print test proofs can be used for printing. The management data of the IT8 7-4 color reproduction should be re-calibrated on different media and paper surfaces. Another set of new standards. When changes occur in a period of time or when a production condition or material condition changes, the ICC Profile must be rewritten to avoid losing the color reproduction standard.
IV. Conclusion
Many print and digital printing devices today have monitoring devices for color reproduction measurement control, and many can be automatically fed back for color reproduction adjustment. Some sheetfed offset printers have off-line color patches and printing. Rib measurement monitoring, as well as adjusting the feedback system, are all conducive to the stability of long-time color reproduction. However, for the system of overall color reproduction, the selection of hardware and software and the establishment of standard color reproduction data must be done in advance so that the subsequent instrument can automatically control the production possibilities. Today's instrument sensitivity and computer's high-speed calculation capability can handle 16,000 A1 prints per hour and 0.5mm per print pixel on-line quality monitoring. However, smaller area pixels or more sensitive gap resolution can be expected to continue, but If the defective product is frequently detected at more than 30% of the finished product, then the subsequent cost of manual quality inspection will be overwhelming. Whether or not it is seeking accuracy and practicality must seek a balance point. system. The use of sophisticated color measuring instruments for digital color management today, and the use of color measuring instruments also influence the accuracy of color correction. Therefore, the instrument's corrective correction and adjustment are important pillars for ensuring good color management.
Printing is a graphic and communications industry. The image and graphics components are now becoming colorized. Even newspapers are almost full of color. Therefore, image reproducibility and color reproducibility play an important role in quality. With a lot of product packaging, the color of the images and the background color make it the basis for many customers to distinguish between authenticity and fakeness. Today, the division of labor in printing and peripheral industries is becoming increasingly dense. Regardless of whether hardware or software is driven by electronic digital technology, it can be measured, simulated, and controlled more accurately. Therefore, users of printed materials are increasingly rigorous about the differences in the color reproduction of printed products, and some are even more demanding. They not only exceed the ability of visual recognition, but also use instrument measurement to detect dark parts and dark parts, and to people. Eyes that are already insensitive to error values ​​do more than necessary measurement requirements and lose sight of the extent of the visual product requirements.
Second, color management from closed to open
In the 1970s and 1980s, the electronic scanning color separation machine was installed. The technicians would request to output the test color mesh, do printing and proof printing, and establish the closed color reproduction gamut and color balance system of the printing plant. If there are different printing paper, Also divided into bright surface copper plate, matte copper plate, non-coated three color curve management. The author asked him if the plate-making factory should respond to many different printing factories. He can't do everything one by one, but he can only use the color management system that hits prototypes.
Today, we no longer rely on R, G, B color filter concentration values ​​for color management, because it can not do the calculation of color difference values, and most of them use Lab stereo color space, L color brightness values ​​and ab and - The hue plane position of ab, when it is the data of the color value, the two color data can be used Lab gamut space regardless of RGB to CMYK, RGB to different RGB performance, CMYK to RGB, CMYK to different CMYK output performance change values. To calculate the conversion. And the two color gaps can also be used as the color difference display of the plane or stereoscopic gap with the value of ΔE, so the open prepress and printing equipment using this color space space is the mainstream of color management, and is used in different brand equipments. Different hardware, software color materials and media combinations, to do color value display and differential adjustment, today the ISO 12647 system, is also the Lab data values, to do the main color specification and operation, so that color reproduction can be more open and consistent performance.
Third, image input, shielding display and various output management
The traditional image input center has been equipped with a professional drum or platform CCD scanner with a good IT8 7-1 7-2 for transmissive and reflective color correction to capture image files. However, today it becomes a normal amateur CCD camera, and even image files captured by mobile phone cameras are reproduced under different hardware CCDs and software transcodes and color mechanisms. With the change of ambient lighting color temperature, many prepress jobs today have no funds. In a timely manner, artificial common sense colors and adjustments of edition adjustments are used. Therefore, if many prints are taken by studios today, there are color managers. Many of them are image screens with large differences in color tone between editions and are used in a small amount in the future. When printing without a plate, the situation is worse and worse. Therefore, AI artificial intelligence image trimming software is necessary.
Regarding the color reproduction of the screen, because it is more important to promote soft proofing of the far screen and soft proofing without paper, some advanced screens have automatic color correction equipment and programs, or color management software, and use measuring instruments to do screen color output. The revision is also very effective. However, different screens have different color gamuts, such as the color rendering of CRTs using cathode ray tubes (having a large back on the back), the use of electron beams to stimulate the emission of fluorescent toners, and thin LCD TFT screens that use backlights to create white light. , The use of filters to produce color, there are quite different, and 53LCD backlight module itself is also inconsistent color rendering. Basically, the color rendering performance of the screen is wider than that of the printed matter, but it does not mean that there is consistency and long-term stability. Even after the power is turned on, the color will be stable for 10 to 20 minutes. In addition, the human visual system determines the color of the optic nerve and changes the visual compensation. For example, if you go to the dark place for a while, you will feel darker when you return to the dark place, and you will adjust it later. This is the user must pay attention and understanding. of.
As for the output, it has long been the main objective of print output. The color reproduction includes the plate making process, media conditions, printing machine conditions, ink conditions, paper media conditions, even printing ink balance conditions, temperature and humidity conditions, and printing. Conditions such as pressure, comprehensive print version and color reproduction conditions, and the biggest pillar of color management is the stability and consistency of these conditions as the cornerstone, otherwise there are many reasons for its own conditions, then all information-based color management such as established on the beach The pavilion. The use of IT8 7-4 is the standard for color management of future output-type prints. The original IT8 7-3 color management and color ticketing tool has 928 colors that are not suitable for gamut and color spacing. Using the plate-making method, the IT8 7-4 color ticketing tool outputs color samples under stable printing conditions, and then uses a measuring instrument to input the IT8 7-4 color code data of the printing machine as a reference. Then use the IT8 7-4 file to send the digital IT8 7-4 color sample from the digital proofing machine such as the inkjet proofer. Then the data is input by the measuring instrument. The former is the reference and the digital image data of the inkjet sample is simulated. , Calculate more than 1500 color scales, trim the color â–³ E value of each color standard, form the ICC Profile characteristic correction file, such as several times can make and the printing machine IT8 7-4 color scale is very similar, the human eye does not see the difference â–³ E in 0.8 Digital proofing within the gap of ~1.5, and also because some prepress departments can make proofs according to the digital proofing, so that the print test proofs can be used for printing. The management data of the IT8 7-4 color reproduction should be re-calibrated on different media and paper surfaces. Another set of new standards. When changes occur in a period of time or when a production condition or material condition changes, the ICC Profile must be rewritten to avoid losing the color reproduction standard.
IV. Conclusion
Many print and digital printing devices today have monitoring devices for color reproduction measurement control, and many can be automatically fed back for color reproduction adjustment. Some sheetfed offset printers have off-line color patches and printing. Rib measurement monitoring, as well as adjusting the feedback system, are all conducive to the stability of long-time color reproduction. However, for the system of overall color reproduction, the selection of hardware and software and the establishment of standard color reproduction data must be done in advance so that the subsequent instrument can automatically control the production possibilities. Today's instrument sensitivity and computer's high-speed calculation capability can handle 16,000 A1 prints per hour and 0.5mm per print pixel on-line quality monitoring. However, smaller area pixels or more sensitive gap resolution can be expected to continue, but If the defective product is frequently detected at more than 30% of the finished product, then the subsequent cost of manual quality inspection will be overwhelming. Whether or not it is seeking accuracy and practicality must seek a balance point. system. The use of sophisticated color measuring instruments for digital color management today, and the use of color measuring instruments also influence the accuracy of color correction. Therefore, the instrument's corrective correction and adjustment are important pillars for ensuring good color management.
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