Third, the development of green packaging 1. Social progress and green packaging Green packaging is a new concept with the social progress. It is a manifestation of human civilization. Green packaging refers to packaging that is harmless to the ecological environment and human health, can be reused and regenerated, and is consistent with sustainable development. It is also called ecological packaging.
The 21st century is the era of the Green Revolution. Green packaging will become the mainstream of the world. Green packaging has just begun in China. Experts pointed out that the development of green packaging should start from the source. That is, when designing and packaging products, it is necessary to consider whether the package can save resources and whether it can be recycled and recycled. It enables designers to minimize the volume, weight, and quantity of packaging while meeting product flow and aesthetics.
In the development of new materials, China has also made considerable progress. Degradable plastics, pulp molding materials, plant fibers, etc. have been promoted in the packaging field.
Degradable plastics developed in China at this stage are generally limited to the addition of starch, photosensitizers, and other substances to plastics. Strictly speaking, this can't be considered a truly degradable plastic, it can only be called a plastic mixture. Because such plastics do not disappear after decomposition, they will remain in the soil and form secondary pollution. Experts pointed out that promotion of using such products must be careful.
2. The legislative protection of the environment At present, many countries in the world regard packaging legislation as an important means to coordinate the relationship between packaging and the environment. In the 1990s, the German government passed a packaging regulation aimed at reducing the environmental impact of packaging. It is stipulated that industrial enterprises and the business community must recycle and recycle used packaging, and encourage specialized recycling companies to recycle, classify and recycle packaging waste.
In addition, the German government in the regulations also encourages industrial companies to reduce the use of packaging materials and the use of environmentally friendly materials. For the violation of the regulations, industrial companies that use excessive packaging or materials that are harmful to the environment will be charged. The implementation of the packaging regulations has enabled 50 percent of German industrial companies to start redesigning simpler and more practical packaging. Some will reduce the original packaging or reduce weight, and some eliminate the second-tier packaging. According to investigations, the implementation of the packaging regulations has saved the average loss of German packaging by 40%.
There are 13 states in the United States that prohibit the use of non-degradable plastic egg cartons and beverage packaging boxes; the UN “Montreier Treaty†proposes a timetable for the restriction and control of the use of CFCs; the “Helsinki Declaration†calls for the world to All production and use of CFCs will be cancelled; Europe requires that the content of heavy metals in food packaging be reduced to below 100PPM within 5 years.
In the face of China's growing accession to the WTO and the increasing environmental protection in the global environment, green packaging has become an important content of new trade barriers.
In international trade, the impact of packaging on the environment is more stringent in laws, regulations, and standards. The restriction policies proposed by the United States, Japan, and the European Union and other countries and organizations on China's export goods packaging illustrate this point. As the largest developing country in the world, China has done a lot of work on packaging legislation in recent years. The "Solid Waste Pollution Prevention Law", "Environmental Protection Law" and the upcoming "Packaging Law" all regulate the relationship between packaging and environmental protection in the form of law.
3. Rational use, protection of resources, and development of the economy At present, the “banned whites†campaign, which prohibits the production and use of disposable foaming lunch boxes and plastic bags as content, has made a lot of noise in the relevant media across the country. In fact, the original intention of the "ban" is to urge the whole society to pay attention to the environmental pollution and waste of packaging waste. Therefore, the "ban" can not go to extremes, can not go into the "prohibition of production" misunderstanding. In fact, many countries in the world have not “prohibited†certain provisions on packaging production in dealing with the environmental pollution caused by packaging waste. The "ban" should reflect the principles of resource reuse and sustainable development.
The chairman of the China Plastics Processing Industry Association, Liao Genuine, believes that one-time foaming lunch boxes are still suitable materials for packaging foods, and the current usage in the world is still increasing. Foaming lunch box equipment was introduced from Germany in the 1980s. At present, there are 120 production lines in China, which cost more than 80 million US dollars. Eliminating disposable snack boxes means eliminating these production lines, which is also a huge waste. The disposable foaming lunch boxes have a great market demand because they are clean, hygienic, low in cost and good in heat insulation. The protection of the environment and the reuse of resources complement each other. Recycling discarded lunch boxes not only protects the environment, but also reflects the recycling and resource conservation.
Although the paper lunch box has better heat preservation, it can also be processed into bowls and boxes. However, from the entire production process of the raw materials of the carton, the waste packaging recycling is the best way to solve the current environmental pollution of disposable packaging. Pulp molded products and pulp and plastics currently being developed in the society are all aimed at disposable foaming lunch boxes. However, due to the incorporation of oil-repellent agents and water-repellent agents in the pulping process, pulp recycling is not optimistic. And its cost is much higher than the foamed lunch box. Therefore, it is very difficult to replace the foamed food container with pulp molding. Therefore, the feasibility of paper-based plasticization is worth considering.
Environmentalists in China pointed out that the main culprit of “white pollution†is not the lunch boxes and plastic bags themselves, but they are not well recycled.
At present, many countries in the world are using direct recycling technology to collect, sort, crush, clean, melt, granulate, or directly shape plastic bottles. In order to improve the classification efficiency, the United States developed a plastic bottle automatic delivery system, which uses a computer-controlled mechanical device and a fluorescence sensor to automatically detect PVC bottles from PVC and PET mixed bottle streams and remove them from the conveyor belt.
Direct recycling technology is not suitable for multilayer composites made from different resins. The recovery of multi-layered composite materials is to separate different resins and then recycle them using chemical regeneration technology.
Chemical regeneration technology is a technology that uses a chemical reaction to decompose macromolecules of a resin and convert it into small molecules. These small molecules can be used to re-synthesize resins, or become chemical raw materials, and can also be used as fuel oil, syngas, and the like.
In recent years, China has achieved satisfactory results in the recycling of packaging waste. Some cities have proposed that whoever produces a disposable lunch box who is responsible for recycling, and has formulated a reward and penalty policy for recycling, which has played a good effect. There are also waste plastic packaging that is reprocessed into recycled plastics for reuse through conversion and recycling technologies. Others have developed waste plastic refining technology that has been well received by industry insiders. At present, the Chinese government has invested heavily in the planning and construction of garbage collection, sorting, and power generation projects, which are of great significance for protecting the ecological environment and sustainable development.
In the 21st century, the world has entered the knowledge economy and circular economy, and the essence of circular economy is ecological economy. Human economic activities must follow the natural ecosystem model and constitute a benign process of repeated circulation of “resource-product-renewable resourcesâ€, so that the production and consumption processes in this system produce little or no waste, and thus solve environmental problems. The contradiction between development. Under the guidance of the above-mentioned concept of ecological cycle, people should comply with the principles of waste resource transformation, packaging reduction and harmlessness, and work together to protect the environment.
The proposal of green packaging has been adapted to the requirements of sustainable development in the 21st century and has therefore been recognized and supported by countries around the world. At present, many developed countries in the world have adopted legislation to promote the development of green packaging and recycling economy. China is a country with a population of 1.3 billion and relatively insufficient resources. Taking resources recycling and developing a circular economy have important strategic and practical significance. Taking green packaging as a starting point is a strategic move to achieve a comprehensive step-by-step approach for China's circular economy.
The 21st century is the era of the Green Revolution. Green packaging will become the mainstream of the world. Green packaging has just begun in China. Experts pointed out that the development of green packaging should start from the source. That is, when designing and packaging products, it is necessary to consider whether the package can save resources and whether it can be recycled and recycled. It enables designers to minimize the volume, weight, and quantity of packaging while meeting product flow and aesthetics.
In the development of new materials, China has also made considerable progress. Degradable plastics, pulp molding materials, plant fibers, etc. have been promoted in the packaging field.
Degradable plastics developed in China at this stage are generally limited to the addition of starch, photosensitizers, and other substances to plastics. Strictly speaking, this can't be considered a truly degradable plastic, it can only be called a plastic mixture. Because such plastics do not disappear after decomposition, they will remain in the soil and form secondary pollution. Experts pointed out that promotion of using such products must be careful.
2. The legislative protection of the environment At present, many countries in the world regard packaging legislation as an important means to coordinate the relationship between packaging and the environment. In the 1990s, the German government passed a packaging regulation aimed at reducing the environmental impact of packaging. It is stipulated that industrial enterprises and the business community must recycle and recycle used packaging, and encourage specialized recycling companies to recycle, classify and recycle packaging waste.
In addition, the German government in the regulations also encourages industrial companies to reduce the use of packaging materials and the use of environmentally friendly materials. For the violation of the regulations, industrial companies that use excessive packaging or materials that are harmful to the environment will be charged. The implementation of the packaging regulations has enabled 50 percent of German industrial companies to start redesigning simpler and more practical packaging. Some will reduce the original packaging or reduce weight, and some eliminate the second-tier packaging. According to investigations, the implementation of the packaging regulations has saved the average loss of German packaging by 40%.
There are 13 states in the United States that prohibit the use of non-degradable plastic egg cartons and beverage packaging boxes; the UN “Montreier Treaty†proposes a timetable for the restriction and control of the use of CFCs; the “Helsinki Declaration†calls for the world to All production and use of CFCs will be cancelled; Europe requires that the content of heavy metals in food packaging be reduced to below 100PPM within 5 years.
In the face of China's growing accession to the WTO and the increasing environmental protection in the global environment, green packaging has become an important content of new trade barriers.
In international trade, the impact of packaging on the environment is more stringent in laws, regulations, and standards. The restriction policies proposed by the United States, Japan, and the European Union and other countries and organizations on China's export goods packaging illustrate this point. As the largest developing country in the world, China has done a lot of work on packaging legislation in recent years. The "Solid Waste Pollution Prevention Law", "Environmental Protection Law" and the upcoming "Packaging Law" all regulate the relationship between packaging and environmental protection in the form of law.
3. Rational use, protection of resources, and development of the economy At present, the “banned whites†campaign, which prohibits the production and use of disposable foaming lunch boxes and plastic bags as content, has made a lot of noise in the relevant media across the country. In fact, the original intention of the "ban" is to urge the whole society to pay attention to the environmental pollution and waste of packaging waste. Therefore, the "ban" can not go to extremes, can not go into the "prohibition of production" misunderstanding. In fact, many countries in the world have not “prohibited†certain provisions on packaging production in dealing with the environmental pollution caused by packaging waste. The "ban" should reflect the principles of resource reuse and sustainable development.
The chairman of the China Plastics Processing Industry Association, Liao Genuine, believes that one-time foaming lunch boxes are still suitable materials for packaging foods, and the current usage in the world is still increasing. Foaming lunch box equipment was introduced from Germany in the 1980s. At present, there are 120 production lines in China, which cost more than 80 million US dollars. Eliminating disposable snack boxes means eliminating these production lines, which is also a huge waste. The disposable foaming lunch boxes have a great market demand because they are clean, hygienic, low in cost and good in heat insulation. The protection of the environment and the reuse of resources complement each other. Recycling discarded lunch boxes not only protects the environment, but also reflects the recycling and resource conservation.
Although the paper lunch box has better heat preservation, it can also be processed into bowls and boxes. However, from the entire production process of the raw materials of the carton, the waste packaging recycling is the best way to solve the current environmental pollution of disposable packaging. Pulp molded products and pulp and plastics currently being developed in the society are all aimed at disposable foaming lunch boxes. However, due to the incorporation of oil-repellent agents and water-repellent agents in the pulping process, pulp recycling is not optimistic. And its cost is much higher than the foamed lunch box. Therefore, it is very difficult to replace the foamed food container with pulp molding. Therefore, the feasibility of paper-based plasticization is worth considering.
Environmentalists in China pointed out that the main culprit of “white pollution†is not the lunch boxes and plastic bags themselves, but they are not well recycled.
At present, many countries in the world are using direct recycling technology to collect, sort, crush, clean, melt, granulate, or directly shape plastic bottles. In order to improve the classification efficiency, the United States developed a plastic bottle automatic delivery system, which uses a computer-controlled mechanical device and a fluorescence sensor to automatically detect PVC bottles from PVC and PET mixed bottle streams and remove them from the conveyor belt.
Direct recycling technology is not suitable for multilayer composites made from different resins. The recovery of multi-layered composite materials is to separate different resins and then recycle them using chemical regeneration technology.
Chemical regeneration technology is a technology that uses a chemical reaction to decompose macromolecules of a resin and convert it into small molecules. These small molecules can be used to re-synthesize resins, or become chemical raw materials, and can also be used as fuel oil, syngas, and the like.
In recent years, China has achieved satisfactory results in the recycling of packaging waste. Some cities have proposed that whoever produces a disposable lunch box who is responsible for recycling, and has formulated a reward and penalty policy for recycling, which has played a good effect. There are also waste plastic packaging that is reprocessed into recycled plastics for reuse through conversion and recycling technologies. Others have developed waste plastic refining technology that has been well received by industry insiders. At present, the Chinese government has invested heavily in the planning and construction of garbage collection, sorting, and power generation projects, which are of great significance for protecting the ecological environment and sustainable development.
In the 21st century, the world has entered the knowledge economy and circular economy, and the essence of circular economy is ecological economy. Human economic activities must follow the natural ecosystem model and constitute a benign process of repeated circulation of “resource-product-renewable resourcesâ€, so that the production and consumption processes in this system produce little or no waste, and thus solve environmental problems. The contradiction between development. Under the guidance of the above-mentioned concept of ecological cycle, people should comply with the principles of waste resource transformation, packaging reduction and harmlessness, and work together to protect the environment.
The proposal of green packaging has been adapted to the requirements of sustainable development in the 21st century and has therefore been recognized and supported by countries around the world. At present, many developed countries in the world have adopted legislation to promote the development of green packaging and recycling economy. China is a country with a population of 1.3 billion and relatively insufficient resources. Taking resources recycling and developing a circular economy have important strategic and practical significance. Taking green packaging as a starting point is a strategic move to achieve a comprehensive step-by-step approach for China's circular economy.
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