Newspaper layout is a combination of editorial thinking and design art
From the time the newspaper was born, layout design began. The size of the paper, changes in printing technology, the evolution of photographic technology, and every technological advance will affect the layout of newspapers. The rapid progress of modern printing, photography and typesetting technology led the layout design of modern newspapers to a whole new field. It completely changed the traditional design concept and pushed a modern, industrial flow-like design idea to the entire newspaper layout design. Among the working procedures.
Newspaper layout in the field of news editing
The early newspapers copied the books simply by listing the information. There is no column to say. The newspaper layout is seen as the silent carrier of information. The layout does not have its own language. The revolution in printing technology has enabled newspaper reporters to break through the taboos of books. Newspapers have begun to categorize and have various layouts. The layout has its own language. With the development of the newspaper industry, the layout language has become more and more abundant. It conveys the editor's evaluation of news. While reading the newspapers, readers also virtually accepted the “discourse†of the layout: Headlines are bound to be important news, and messages arranged in the corners of sight are always unattractive. Layout design becomes an in-depth design work. The appearance of the picture brings the image language to the layout. The reader is very happy to feel the atmosphere of the scene in the news picture. The appeal of the layout language is strengthened. Then, the color printing brought a revolution in color to the press. The newspaper layout found a richer vocabulary in the world of color. The layout design became an in-depth work, and special studies on newspaper layouts gradually began. .
DarylR.Moen believes that the purpose of newspaper layout is to help readers understand information.
In the latter part of the 20th century, the competition in the newspaper industry triggered continuous changes in the layout of newspapers. The layout of newspapers was closely linked with market demand and media competition, and became an important aspect of reflecting the newspaper's competitive strategy. The newspaper pages increasingly embody the characteristics of serving readers. “The newspaper group edition, layout segmentation, diversification of the way of reading, the modularity of manuscript arrangement, and information graphics are the audience reading psychology. And customary adaptation measures.†(Cai Wen and Gan Lu’s “Analysis of Western Newspaper Layout Changes and Their Motivationsâ€) At the same time, they focused on the selling point of the market and emphasized individualized design in an effort to strengthen their appeal to readers.
It can be seen that in the field of news editing, the newspaper layout is not passive but exists actively. In particular, in the face of market competition, modern newspapers are more aware of the “eyeball†effect of newspaper layout, and incorporate newspaper layout into marketing of the entire newspaper. In the editorial system, the status of newspaper layout has been greatly improved. The layout can not only suffice newspaper distribution, but also determine the number and layout of each edition. The situation goes beyond the content and brings new problems to newspaper editors.
Design as a newspaper layout in the field of visual communication design
From a procedural point of view, newspaper design is the planning and arrangement of the layout elements. ("U.S. Newspaper Group Edition and Design", Lu Binglin, Jiang Heping Compilation, Shanghai Education Press, 1989, p. 180) How information is listed (based on what laws), and the artistic effects produced by the models are listed. This is a question that any graphic designer must consider.
The purpose of artistic design is to convey ideas, information, and visual information. Sometimes even just to express pure beauty. ([British] Allan Swann, "Typographic Design in the UK", Yan Jie, Shanghai People's Fine Arts Publishing House, 2004, p. 63) The essence of artistic design is embodied in creativity, systematicness, functionality, artistry, and economy. Some aspects such as sex. (Jing Lei) design follows the principle of: balance, contrast, emphasis, proportion, and unity. If a newspaper is to be aesthetically pleasing, it makes the whole newspaper look pleasing to the eye. These principles are skills that the layout designer needs to master. At the same time, these design principles will also produce different layout styles.
In fact, the style change of visual design in the 20th century is also projected into the layout of newspapers. The font design inspired the design of the article title, and the poster design provided ideas for the combination of pictures. The new design style advocated by Bauhaus led the newspapers to abandon the rich decoration, pay attention to the rational design of the information, and form a concise layout style. Switzerland's international layout style has formed a modular design approach.
But relatively speaking, the changes in newspaper layouts and the changes in visual communication design are not synchronized. For a long time, the newspapers' pages were sticking to their old traditions. When technology, market, media competition, and other factors stimulated the newspapers to change their appearance (Cai Wen, Gan Lu, “Analysis of Western Newspaper Layout Changes and Their Causesâ€), “International Communicationâ€, No. 8, 2002 Period), the new layout will be produced from the stylish and practical design style. However, soon the new layout will become the old model. Compared with the active periodical layout, the design of the newspaper layout is not following the trend. However, the "trick" formed by each new design idea will be presented in the newspaper layout.
Layered information in newspaper layout
On the one hand, newspaper layouts exist as the information-bearing model of newspapers; on the other hand, newspaper layouts also exist as the main factors of newspaper visual style. Therefore, the information conveyed by newspaper pages is also divided into the following levels:
The first level is the information (or picture) conveyed by the text content. This is the main information content of newspapers, or the absolute information content of newspapers. It is obvious and clear and can be clearly confirmed by readers. The purpose of newspaper layout design is to first make such information clearly communicated to readers and make it easy to read in newspapers.
The second level is the information hidden in the layout design. Such information is expressed as the editor's handling of the text content: either strengthening the processing of some text content (or possibly the image content) or diluting the content of a text, In an implicit manner, the editor's attitude or point of view on the content of the news is the editor's judgment on the value of the news and the excavation of the news itself. This kind of information is hidden, and the reader is not aware of it, but it will be affected by it. It can be imagined that such information content can only be achieved through newspaper layout design. In terms of specific operations, it is the arrangement of the front page news or headline news, the arrangement of the size of news pictures, the relative choice of title titles, the processing of text boxes, and so on.
In addition, the layout itself will convey some level of information. If the newspaper layout is incorporated into the marketing of the entire newspaper, the style and beauty of the newspaper layout are also the information that the layout must display. This is the third level. The style of newspapers is the goal that newspapers must establish after they participate in market competition. Is the newspaper targeted at citizens' evening papers, city newspapers, or industry newspapers for professionals? Is it a light tabloid or a serious newspaper? Targeted, the style of newspapers must also show differences, so that readers can instantly identify and purchase.
Finally, there is another aspect, which is the aesthetic aspect of newspaper layout design. It embodies the emotional pleasure of readers when they read newspapers. It expresses the reader's aesthetic experience in the reading process, or the attraction during reading, even the nostalgia after reading, etc. . Information at this level is even more hidden and invisible.
Although the latter two levels of information are hidden and not clearly conveyed, they are the most intuitive to the reader. This is also the characteristic of image information: fuzziness and intuition. With the increasing thickness and increasing number of newspapers, the visual communication of newspapers has become increasingly important. Therefore, the layout of newspapers is also more important.
The layout design of modern newspapers needs to convey these levels of information in a unified way. The beauty editors need not only grasp and understand the editorial ideas, but also grasp and link the overall marketing strategy of newspapers, and at the same time, creatively regulate the information according to the flexibility of the information. Design each newspaper layout. The essence of modern newspaper design is the combination of editorial thinking and design art: the concept of news editing in newspaper editors is integrated with the creativity, functionality, artistry, and economy of art design, and finally forms the best form for each newspaper layout. .
The concept of newspaper layout in the digital age is updated
The traditional newspaper layout design upholds two concepts, one is the professional concept, the main pursuit is the perfection of the news and the responsibility of the dissemination of the audience, the social effects of communication, the authority of the media image; the other is the business concept, mainly in the media The self-interest is the primary pursuit goal, and the construction of the newspaper's dissemination content and communication methods is designed to meet readers' attention for commercial purposes (Zhao Dingsheng, “Western Journal Editorsâ€, p.2, Chinese people University Press, 2002) When the newspaper emphasizes its social influence and status, the layout design highlights the function of the first level; when newspapers pay more attention to the state of existence, layout design enhances the second level of information transmission. However, the construction of these two concepts is based on the media status of the newspaper. Regardless of whether it is a professional idea or a business idea, newspaper practitioners have never given up the status of newspapers as mainstream media. In the late 20th century, the boom of television brought a crisis to the survival of newspapers. A "redesign" movement swept the American newspaper industry. Its purpose was to win back the lost readers and stick to the mainstream position of newspapers. In the 21st century, newspapers collided with the Internet again. Different from television, the Internet has many advantages of electronic media and print media. The emergence of e-newspapers has greatly eroded the trend of printing newspapers. The media role of the newspaper changed, and the final light of the newspaper slowly dissipated under the influence of the Internet.
Levinson believes in "Digital McLuhan," that when old media are gradually replaced by new media, the use of old media will evolve into an artistic act with nostalgic colors (Lewinson, "Digital McLuhan"). (p210) According to this logical reasoning, reading newspapers will become an attitude or behavior of life. We choose to read newspapers in order to maintain a social habit or to enjoy life. Then the design of the newspapers will have to abandon the idea of ​​being professional or commercial and turn to an aesthetic and style level. As a result, the hidden information that once was the least noticed in the newspaper layout will gradually emerge.
Does this mean that the newspaper emphasizes the performance of the design or emphasizes the formal beauty of the layout? What kind of modern style layout will go to more extreme designs? On the contrary, the newspaper may go toward a return to performance, once again return to the nature of newspaper layout design - emphasizing the perfect combination of editorial ideas and design performance. Because this kind of performance can better reflect the essence of the newspaper as a print medium, this is the key point that the newspaper and the network can pull away from each other.
Newspapers used to create television-style newspapers (such as "USA Today") in response to the challenges of television. For a long time, newspaper designers thought that this was a design that suited the needs of readers, and readers seemed to recognize this innovation. Now that the Internet has affected the newspapers again, does the newspaper have to design an Internet-style layout? Unfortunately, e-newspapers have taken the lead to win the title, and e-newspapers have obvious advantages in terms of freedom of information acquisition.
However, the printed newspapers still have a visual advantage, that is, the overall sense of the layout and style. The flow of information revealed when the sheet was opened is quite different from the page displayed by the sliding mouse. This is the reason why we still buy newspapers - it is no longer for the purpose, but for enjoyment. The design of the newspaper became an artistic job. In the future, the newspaper layout will not become more modern, but will create an exquisite style of the era with some sort of return to the atmosphere.
From the time the newspaper was born, layout design began. The size of the paper, changes in printing technology, the evolution of photographic technology, and every technological advance will affect the layout of newspapers. The rapid progress of modern printing, photography and typesetting technology led the layout design of modern newspapers to a whole new field. It completely changed the traditional design concept and pushed a modern, industrial flow-like design idea to the entire newspaper layout design. Among the working procedures.
Newspaper layout in the field of news editing
The early newspapers copied the books simply by listing the information. There is no column to say. The newspaper layout is seen as the silent carrier of information. The layout does not have its own language. The revolution in printing technology has enabled newspaper reporters to break through the taboos of books. Newspapers have begun to categorize and have various layouts. The layout has its own language. With the development of the newspaper industry, the layout language has become more and more abundant. It conveys the editor's evaluation of news. While reading the newspapers, readers also virtually accepted the “discourse†of the layout: Headlines are bound to be important news, and messages arranged in the corners of sight are always unattractive. Layout design becomes an in-depth design work. The appearance of the picture brings the image language to the layout. The reader is very happy to feel the atmosphere of the scene in the news picture. The appeal of the layout language is strengthened. Then, the color printing brought a revolution in color to the press. The newspaper layout found a richer vocabulary in the world of color. The layout design became an in-depth work, and special studies on newspaper layouts gradually began. .
DarylR.Moen believes that the purpose of newspaper layout is to help readers understand information.
In the latter part of the 20th century, the competition in the newspaper industry triggered continuous changes in the layout of newspapers. The layout of newspapers was closely linked with market demand and media competition, and became an important aspect of reflecting the newspaper's competitive strategy. The newspaper pages increasingly embody the characteristics of serving readers. “The newspaper group edition, layout segmentation, diversification of the way of reading, the modularity of manuscript arrangement, and information graphics are the audience reading psychology. And customary adaptation measures.†(Cai Wen and Gan Lu’s “Analysis of Western Newspaper Layout Changes and Their Motivationsâ€) At the same time, they focused on the selling point of the market and emphasized individualized design in an effort to strengthen their appeal to readers.
It can be seen that in the field of news editing, the newspaper layout is not passive but exists actively. In particular, in the face of market competition, modern newspapers are more aware of the “eyeball†effect of newspaper layout, and incorporate newspaper layout into marketing of the entire newspaper. In the editorial system, the status of newspaper layout has been greatly improved. The layout can not only suffice newspaper distribution, but also determine the number and layout of each edition. The situation goes beyond the content and brings new problems to newspaper editors.
Design as a newspaper layout in the field of visual communication design
From a procedural point of view, newspaper design is the planning and arrangement of the layout elements. ("U.S. Newspaper Group Edition and Design", Lu Binglin, Jiang Heping Compilation, Shanghai Education Press, 1989, p. 180) How information is listed (based on what laws), and the artistic effects produced by the models are listed. This is a question that any graphic designer must consider.
The purpose of artistic design is to convey ideas, information, and visual information. Sometimes even just to express pure beauty. ([British] Allan Swann, "Typographic Design in the UK", Yan Jie, Shanghai People's Fine Arts Publishing House, 2004, p. 63) The essence of artistic design is embodied in creativity, systematicness, functionality, artistry, and economy. Some aspects such as sex. (Jing Lei) design follows the principle of: balance, contrast, emphasis, proportion, and unity. If a newspaper is to be aesthetically pleasing, it makes the whole newspaper look pleasing to the eye. These principles are skills that the layout designer needs to master. At the same time, these design principles will also produce different layout styles.
In fact, the style change of visual design in the 20th century is also projected into the layout of newspapers. The font design inspired the design of the article title, and the poster design provided ideas for the combination of pictures. The new design style advocated by Bauhaus led the newspapers to abandon the rich decoration, pay attention to the rational design of the information, and form a concise layout style. Switzerland's international layout style has formed a modular design approach.
But relatively speaking, the changes in newspaper layouts and the changes in visual communication design are not synchronized. For a long time, the newspapers' pages were sticking to their old traditions. When technology, market, media competition, and other factors stimulated the newspapers to change their appearance (Cai Wen, Gan Lu, “Analysis of Western Newspaper Layout Changes and Their Causesâ€), “International Communicationâ€, No. 8, 2002 Period), the new layout will be produced from the stylish and practical design style. However, soon the new layout will become the old model. Compared with the active periodical layout, the design of the newspaper layout is not following the trend. However, the "trick" formed by each new design idea will be presented in the newspaper layout.
Layered information in newspaper layout
On the one hand, newspaper layouts exist as the information-bearing model of newspapers; on the other hand, newspaper layouts also exist as the main factors of newspaper visual style. Therefore, the information conveyed by newspaper pages is also divided into the following levels:
The first level is the information (or picture) conveyed by the text content. This is the main information content of newspapers, or the absolute information content of newspapers. It is obvious and clear and can be clearly confirmed by readers. The purpose of newspaper layout design is to first make such information clearly communicated to readers and make it easy to read in newspapers.
The second level is the information hidden in the layout design. Such information is expressed as the editor's handling of the text content: either strengthening the processing of some text content (or possibly the image content) or diluting the content of a text, In an implicit manner, the editor's attitude or point of view on the content of the news is the editor's judgment on the value of the news and the excavation of the news itself. This kind of information is hidden, and the reader is not aware of it, but it will be affected by it. It can be imagined that such information content can only be achieved through newspaper layout design. In terms of specific operations, it is the arrangement of the front page news or headline news, the arrangement of the size of news pictures, the relative choice of title titles, the processing of text boxes, and so on.
In addition, the layout itself will convey some level of information. If the newspaper layout is incorporated into the marketing of the entire newspaper, the style and beauty of the newspaper layout are also the information that the layout must display. This is the third level. The style of newspapers is the goal that newspapers must establish after they participate in market competition. Is the newspaper targeted at citizens' evening papers, city newspapers, or industry newspapers for professionals? Is it a light tabloid or a serious newspaper? Targeted, the style of newspapers must also show differences, so that readers can instantly identify and purchase.
Finally, there is another aspect, which is the aesthetic aspect of newspaper layout design. It embodies the emotional pleasure of readers when they read newspapers. It expresses the reader's aesthetic experience in the reading process, or the attraction during reading, even the nostalgia after reading, etc. . Information at this level is even more hidden and invisible.
Although the latter two levels of information are hidden and not clearly conveyed, they are the most intuitive to the reader. This is also the characteristic of image information: fuzziness and intuition. With the increasing thickness and increasing number of newspapers, the visual communication of newspapers has become increasingly important. Therefore, the layout of newspapers is also more important.
The layout design of modern newspapers needs to convey these levels of information in a unified way. The beauty editors need not only grasp and understand the editorial ideas, but also grasp and link the overall marketing strategy of newspapers, and at the same time, creatively regulate the information according to the flexibility of the information. Design each newspaper layout. The essence of modern newspaper design is the combination of editorial thinking and design art: the concept of news editing in newspaper editors is integrated with the creativity, functionality, artistry, and economy of art design, and finally forms the best form for each newspaper layout. .
The concept of newspaper layout in the digital age is updated
The traditional newspaper layout design upholds two concepts, one is the professional concept, the main pursuit is the perfection of the news and the responsibility of the dissemination of the audience, the social effects of communication, the authority of the media image; the other is the business concept, mainly in the media The self-interest is the primary pursuit goal, and the construction of the newspaper's dissemination content and communication methods is designed to meet readers' attention for commercial purposes (Zhao Dingsheng, “Western Journal Editorsâ€, p.2, Chinese people University Press, 2002) When the newspaper emphasizes its social influence and status, the layout design highlights the function of the first level; when newspapers pay more attention to the state of existence, layout design enhances the second level of information transmission. However, the construction of these two concepts is based on the media status of the newspaper. Regardless of whether it is a professional idea or a business idea, newspaper practitioners have never given up the status of newspapers as mainstream media. In the late 20th century, the boom of television brought a crisis to the survival of newspapers. A "redesign" movement swept the American newspaper industry. Its purpose was to win back the lost readers and stick to the mainstream position of newspapers. In the 21st century, newspapers collided with the Internet again. Different from television, the Internet has many advantages of electronic media and print media. The emergence of e-newspapers has greatly eroded the trend of printing newspapers. The media role of the newspaper changed, and the final light of the newspaper slowly dissipated under the influence of the Internet.
Levinson believes in "Digital McLuhan," that when old media are gradually replaced by new media, the use of old media will evolve into an artistic act with nostalgic colors (Lewinson, "Digital McLuhan"). (p210) According to this logical reasoning, reading newspapers will become an attitude or behavior of life. We choose to read newspapers in order to maintain a social habit or to enjoy life. Then the design of the newspapers will have to abandon the idea of ​​being professional or commercial and turn to an aesthetic and style level. As a result, the hidden information that once was the least noticed in the newspaper layout will gradually emerge.
Does this mean that the newspaper emphasizes the performance of the design or emphasizes the formal beauty of the layout? What kind of modern style layout will go to more extreme designs? On the contrary, the newspaper may go toward a return to performance, once again return to the nature of newspaper layout design - emphasizing the perfect combination of editorial ideas and design performance. Because this kind of performance can better reflect the essence of the newspaper as a print medium, this is the key point that the newspaper and the network can pull away from each other.
Newspapers used to create television-style newspapers (such as "USA Today") in response to the challenges of television. For a long time, newspaper designers thought that this was a design that suited the needs of readers, and readers seemed to recognize this innovation. Now that the Internet has affected the newspapers again, does the newspaper have to design an Internet-style layout? Unfortunately, e-newspapers have taken the lead to win the title, and e-newspapers have obvious advantages in terms of freedom of information acquisition.
However, the printed newspapers still have a visual advantage, that is, the overall sense of the layout and style. The flow of information revealed when the sheet was opened is quite different from the page displayed by the sliding mouse. This is the reason why we still buy newspapers - it is no longer for the purpose, but for enjoyment. The design of the newspaper became an artistic job. In the future, the newspaper layout will not become more modern, but will create an exquisite style of the era with some sort of return to the atmosphere.
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