A Study on the Social Demands and Talents Training of Packaging Engineering Professionals

【Abstract】This article describes the characteristics, development status and demand for professional and technical personnel of the packaging industry. Combined with the professional education and teaching practice of packaging engineering, this paper briefly describes the experience and understanding of some problems in the process of personnel training.
[Keywords] packaging engineering, personnel training Packaging industry, for its part, is the industry that designs and manufactures various packaging supplies and their auxiliary materials. The objects of packaging are commodities. In today's society, as long as there is a place where products (products) are produced and sold, it is inseparable from packaging. In this sense, the packaging industry is a large industry that depends on, supports, and covers various industrial sectors of the national economy. On the one hand, the packaging industry relies on the development of various industrial sectors, and there is no product without packaging; on the other hand, the protective functions and social spirit functions (promotional functions) of packaging products have also promoted the development and progress of various industrial sectors. Therefore, the status and role of the packaging industry in the national economy are irreplaceable, and as people’s material and cultural needs continue to increase and international competition for goods and markets increases after the accession to the WTO, its status and role will become even greater. prominent. In the past 20 years of reform and opening up, China’s packaging industry has undergone significant changes and achieved world-renowned achievements. At present, it has basically formed a paper, plastic, metal, glass, printing, and various kinds of packaging machinery as its main frame, and it has been packaged in paper. Products, color printing and packaging products, plastic packaging materials and products, metal packaging materials and products, packaging and decoration, packaging machinery and other major products of independent and complete, a complete range of modern industrial systems. The packaging industry has directly provided matching packaging services for more than 3 trillion domestic commodities and over 120 billion U.S. dollars worth of export commodities. Its total output has leapt to the 16th place in the national economic sector. Major packaging products such as plastic weaving belts, carton packaging products, and composites Flexible packaging, metal drum products, etc., its output has been ranked among the best in the world.
However, compared with the advanced countries in the world, there is still a large gap in China's packaging industry. This gap reflects the company's scale, personnel quality, product quality and grade, scientific and technological level and development capability, basic level of packaging industry, and comprehensive utilization and environment. Protection and other aspects, among them, the shortage of scientific and technological personnel and the weak development capacity are important factors restricting the development of China's packaging industry and technological progress. According to preliminary statistics, the scientific and technological talents (including universities and secondary school students) in the packaging industry in China currently account for only 4.9% of the total number of employees in the enterprise, which is lower than the average level of 6% in other industries in the country. There are still many gaps in quality, innovation, innovation, and modern talented people's demands for the development of industry. Science and technology are the primary productive forces. Science and technology talent is the carrier of science and technology, and talent cultivation is inseparable from education. Therefore, attaching importance to packaging education and accelerating personnel training (including the training and improvement of serving staff) are important strategic measures and measures to accelerate the development of China's packaging industry and improve its technological level.
Over the past 20 years, the development and progress of various levels of packaging education have contributed to the acceleration of the rapid development of the packaging industry. In particular, higher education has become the main channel for cultivating and delivering high-level professional and technical personnel to the packaging industry. However, the packaging industry in China is an emerging industry after all. Packaging education is relatively late. It faces the rapid development of modern science and technology and the world economy. It comes from all aspects of competition and challenges after entering the WTO, regardless of the industry or the education front. There are many issues that need to be explored, studied and solved.
In recent years, in the process of education and teaching of packaging engineering, through continuous learning, learning, exploration and practice, there are some preliminary experiences and understandings of the characteristics of the profession and personnel training. Here, we are willing to discuss and discuss with our peers. .
First, the packaging project is a cross-disciplinary, wide-caliber professional, but the core and the main body is the packaging design.
The packaging project is based on packaging science and packaging engineering. It integrates various natural sciences and social sciences, and is a new multidisciplinary multidisciplinary subject. At the same time, it is a combination of technology, engineering, art, and humanities. Engineering, its professional content includes packaging materials, packaging containers, packaging, packaging, printing, wrapping machinery. Packaging theory and technology, packaging testing, packaging circulation and management, packaging regulations, and other aspects of the theory and application in the packaging field, is an important basis for the development of the packaging industry.
The ultimate object of packaging engineering discipline research is packaged goods, so the package design directly or indirectly around the packaged product should be the main body and core of the packaging project. The packaging design covers a wide range of contents, including: packaging design, exterior design, decoration design, material selection and application around packaging design, packaging process formulation, packaging technology research, packaging machinery selection or design, and packaging factory Technical transformation and so on. At present, many people have said that packaging design based on form and decoration design should be said to be only part of the artistic design of packaging design, or just a layer of packaging design.
Second, the choice of professional direction should vary from place to place. The mode of talent training can be diversified Since it is a profession with a wide range of professionalism, it is necessary to set a certain professional orientation, which is conducive to embodying the characteristics of the discipline. The setting of professional orientation should be based mainly on the status quo, development trends and planning of the packaging industry in the graduates' employment industry, combined with the school's own conditions, in order to align talent development with market needs. Our university is a provincial-level key labor and technical college. Talent training mainly serves the local regional economy. The province's packaging industry has made great progress in recent years, but there are still gaps compared with the advanced provinces and cities of the participating countries. The small, scattered, backward technology and equipment industries have not yet been broken. The scale and benefits of the packaging industry have not yet been established. Packaging technology personnel Although there is a large gap in the social demand, the type of personnel demand and the calibre of the industry are not very clear. Based on this, the packaging engineering major of our school has two professional orientations: packaging technology and equipment and sales packaging design. The former, based on work, taking into account art, can be said to be mainly implemented as a "generalist" education. Allow students to have a broad academic foundation and a more complete (but not necessarily proficient) knowledge structure in the field of packaging engineering, which aims to enhance students' adaptability and adaptability after going to the society; sales packaging design belongs to the category of partial arts The direction focuses on cultivating student's artistic design ability for packaging products, highlighting the weight of art courses in the teaching plan, and minimizing engineering basic courses on the premise of guiding and educating students to establish correct design ideas and mastering necessary engineering and technical knowledge. The proportions to ease their psychological and learning burdens. As a matter of fact, such students have a strong artistic pursuit and a certain art base, but they are generally poor in terms of cultural quality. Therefore, it is difficult to learn engineering courses. Excessive engineering foundation courses often cause their ideological pressure. As opposed to psychology, it is difficult for scholars and scholars to be bothered. The effect is not ideal. It can be said that for students in this direction, we focus on the education of “specialists”. "Generalist" education and "specialist" education are two different modes of education. In general, the former has a wide range of knowledge and adaptability and adaptability; the latter has a narrower knowledge, but it is more targeted. "Generalists" and "specialists" are not immutable but can be transformed into one another. "Generalists" can become "specialists" in a certain direction. "Experts" can further expand knowledge and capabilities and can also become "Generalist." In today's society, the diversity of market demand for talents, the multiple channels of students' student sources, the differences in entrance scores, and the differences between individual hobbies and pursuits, the mode of personnel training should also be diversified. In particular, the number of students enrolled in colleges and universities is increasing year by year, and students’ individuality is emphasized. In the new form of cultivating and self-selecting careers, the implementation of education in accordance with individual aptitude and classification and training should be a road to education that conforms to the situation.
Third, correctly handle the relationship between technology and art, theory and practice, art foundation and modern design methods, and have a significant bearing on the development of students’ comprehensive professional quality and ability.
The object of packaging design is goods, the protection of goods and the promotion of sales are the most important functions of packaging products. The main task of packaging design is to meet and fulfill the functional requirements of packaging. The first function (ie, protection function) of packaging products is often achieved through different structural forms and engineering techniques. The second function (promotional function or social spirit function) mainly depends on different forms and artistic expressions. Show. For a successful package design, it must be able to fully meet the functional requirements of packaged goods, are indispensable, which shows that package design itself is an organic combination of technology and art, technology and art are essential packaging design (of course, not all) Factors that discard any party will result in the final design results may become "pretty but not applicable" or "applicable but not attractive" and cannot be accepted by the market and consumers. Therefore, as a designer, it should have a relatively complete knowledge structure and correct design ideas, but only for different professional training direction, the skills, arts, knowledge, requirements and priorities are different.
Theoretical teaching is a very important teaching link in higher education. The theory of any course is a summary and sublimation of practical experience. It is a true reflection of the development law of objective things. The theory originates from practice junior high school and can guide practice, and it is the ability to develop. The foundations and sources of intellectual development, however, in the teaching activities of packaging design, we found that there is always a heavy practice and a light theoretical phenomenon. Some people think that packaging design is mainly based on imagination and savvy and does not require much knowledge. And theory, but in accordance with the "master with apprentice" way to guide students. It should be said that this is a one-sided understanding of the teaching process. Of course, we cannot think that the more knowledge and theories are more useful, the more knowledge is not equal to the ability, and the conversion of knowledge into ability has to be practiced repeatedly. Therefore, attaching importance to theoretical teaching, strengthening practical training, and strengthening the connection between theory and practice are talent cultivation. The important guarantee.
The relationship between the basics of fine arts and modern design methods should also be correctly understood and right in the packaging design. In this issue, there have been two different views and tendencies. Some teachers and students believe that as a packaging art design, the key is to have a solid foundation of fine arts, and that “the loss of hands and minds” must be perfect, thus ignoring modern design methods (mainly Refers to the application of computer-aided design, and another view is that the mastery and application of modern design means that it is the key to deciding the effect of packaging design. The art foundation is not very important. Through repeated discussions, most people formed a consensus on this issue: a solid foundation of art, correct design ideas, good artistic accomplishments, and strong computer application skills are the essential qualities and skills of packaging designers. Their perfect combination can fully demonstrate the designer's design ideas and concepts, and can be more, faster, better, and provincial packaging design.
Fourth, education should be interesting before the awareness of education today, in order to survive and develop, must face the society, service market, but education as a superstructure, it must have its own laws. In order to cultivate the builders of the 21st century, educators must have a sense of advancement, be good at analyzing and predicting the development trend of future disciplines and industries, and the characteristics of the industry's demand for talents, so that talent cultivation can be "based on the current and look to the future." It is not easy to achieve a point of achievement, but as an educator, this awareness should be possessed. To this end, in addition to the need to diligently study the business, teach and educate people, and do a good job of their own duties, they should actively care about the status quo, dynamics, and development trends of the domestic and international packaging industry, and strive to study and study cutting-edge knowledge and theory in this discipline. Pay attention to the application and application of new materials, new processes, and new technologies in the field of modern science and technology to continuously enrich and update teaching content. At the same time, we must seriously improve teaching methods and teaching methods, and strive to cultivate students' sense of innovation. And the ability to innovate and continuously improve its overall quality, so that our packaging education can meet the requirements of the packaging industry for high-quality talent in the 21st century. (Author: Sichuan Institute of Packaging and Food Engineering, Chen Baolin)