The principles and structure of the SQZK and SQZX series of paper cutters with the widths of 780, 920, 1150, 1370, 1550 and 1660mm independently designed and produced by Shanghai Shenweida Company are basically the same in the mechanical, hydraulic and strong electric parts. The main mechanism is composed of front and rear frame and knife seat parts, worm gear box parts, paper pressing parts, workbench parts, hydraulic box parts, strong electric box and computer or digital display device.
In order to enable the majority of users to better familiarize, master and understand the performance of the equipment and facilitate the maintenance and maintenance of the equipment, we will briefly describe the common failures of several major components according to the technical information and years of practical experience, User learning and reference.
1. Frame and knife holder mechanism
1. The safety pin is also called an electronic knife lock, and its main function is to prevent the knife slippage caused by mechanical failure. There are two types of external and internal types.
The safety pin must be operated once for each knife cut (ie, the external safety pin moves backward when the knife is lowered, and the knife extends forward when the knife is raised; the built-in safety pin is raised when the knife is lowered, and the knife falls when it is raised). The specifications above 1860mm also use external electronic knife locks, and the rest have been changed to internal ones. If the safety pin fails to retreat or lift when pressing the two-handed button to press down the paper presser, the mechanical reason may be due to the improper cooperation between the safety pin piston and the hole or lack of oil (external type) The support rod is not properly matched with the joint shaft and hole (built-in type), resulting in inflexible movement. It can be solved by proper correction and lubrication until it is very flexible by hand. For electrical reasons, you can check whether the fuse is burnt out and whether the safety pin coil is energized (DC about 50V). Please check the AC and DC voltage of the bridge in the strong power box separately and measure whether the safety pin coil is short-circuited or disconnected. If it is an external safety pin, check whether the S21 (Model 831600) micro switch on the safety pin device is pressed by the nylon wheel; for the internal safety pin, check whether the knife lock support bar has been reset normally. Whether the switch (S type) or micro switch (N type) is functioning and are in the open and closed states, respectively, and also check whether the safety pin electromagnet itself is flexible, if the safety pin electromagnet is energized, but it still cannot be closed If it is, then most of the safety pin solenoid coil is broken and needs to be replaced.
In the SQZK series models, the safety pin has been changed to a built-in type and is no longer exposed. However, it must be noted that in models with N, the safety pin switch uses a micro switch, and in models without N, the safety pin switch uses a contactless E2E-X4MD1 proximity switch. The solenoid coil of the built-in safety pin is installed upright. Before the knife is lowered, the safety pin coil is energized first, and the knife holder support rod is pulled up, and the knife holder can be smoothly lowered. Once the knife appears after a cutting cycle, due to this When the safety pin coil has been de-energized and the knife holder support rod falls, the knife holder support rod will withstand the upper right step of the knife bed to prevent the knife bed from descending and play a safety role. Therefore, if you press the two-handed button, the paper presser descends, but the knife holder cannot come down. First, you should remove the long cover on the right side of the frame, check whether the safety pin of the knife bed is sucked and moves normally, and whether the upper and lower proximity switches kick in. In the case of ensuring safety, you can manually press the tail of the knife lock support bar while pressing the two-handed button to manually move it. If the knife can be lowered normally, it must be an electronic knife lock coil. It's broken.
2. What is used on the current model is a new type photoelectric protection device with digital tube display, which has an error code indication function. SPGE20 transmitter unit (right) Green indicator: normal transmission indicator yellow indicator: power on indicator SPGE20 receiver unit (left) green indicator: output non-alarm status indicator red indicator: output alarm status indicator yellow indicator: power connection The function of receiving digital tube through instruction:
1) When an error occurs during self-calibration, an error message is displayed.
2) Normal operation, when the beam is blocked, the blocking position is displayed, for example, 2 is blocked when the second block is blocked, and so on.
3) Normal operation, when the light beam is not blocked, the signal receiving strength is displayed. Generally, it can work normally when it is displayed above 3, if it is displayed below 3 or 3, it means that the voltage is too low. The voltage of photoelectric protection cannot be lower than 13.5V (AC). Error message:
1) E1.1-Relay 1 pull-in error (at this time, the grating is in the unblocked state of the beam, the output is not locked, once the beam is blocked, the grating turns to the blocked state, and the relay 1 is released).
2) E1.2——Relay 1 release error (at this time, the grating is in the beam blocking state, and the output is locked, that is, regardless of whether the beam is blocked again, the grating is always in the alarm state).
3) E2.1——The relay 2 has a pull-in error (at this time, the grating is in the beam blocking state, and the output is locked, that is, the grating is always in the alarm state regardless of whether the beam is blocked again).
4) E2.2——Relay 2 release error (at this time, the grating is in the unblocked state of the beam, the output is not locked, once the beam is blocked, the raster turns to the blocked state, and the relay 2 pulls in).
5) E3.1-abnormal power supply error (the internal 12V power supply is too low, it may be that the input voltage is too low or the 12V power supply is damaged or other circuit failures).
6) E3.2-Abnormal power supply error (the internal 12V power supply is too high, it may be 12V power supply damage or other short-circuit faults).
7) E4.XY——E7.X internal circuit self-calibration error (specifically including line, photoelectric, signal acquisition system, etc.).
3. The drawbar of the knife holder is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part is mainly composed of the left threaded drawbar, the right threaded drawbar and the adjusting nut. It is connected with the drawbar seat of the lower part through the safety screw. The safety screw is required to be tightened at least once per shift to prevent it from coming out or breaking due to loosening. The previous model has a safety ring on the adjusting nut. When the blade is adjusted upward, the pin of the safety ring will be stuck in the hole of the left threaded rod to ensure that the left and right threaded rods will not Take off. But often users do not pay attention when adjusting. Although the pin of the safety ring has been stuck in the left threaded hole and cannot be pulled, it still needs to be hardened, which results in serious damage to the left threaded rod and the adjusting nut. The current new models have all been changed to install a cylindrical pin at the bottom of the left threaded rod, and there is a step inside the adjusting nut. When it is adjusted up to a certain position, the cylindrical pin will be stuck on the step and cannot continue to be pulled Therefore, the user must pay attention to the operation. Once the blade feels heavier in the adjustment of the height of the blade, it should be checked in time instead of trying hard or even using an extended wrench.
4. The tool change mechanism of the tool holder is composed of several gear pairs. The looseness of the up and down movement can be adjusted by the degree of the M6 ​​hex socket screw on the front of the tool holder pressing the butterfly spring. If the blade is blocked up and down when changing the tool, you must find out the reason. Never pull the handle hard to avoid excessive force, which may cause the gear or hexagonal pin to slip and damage the parts. Among them, a group of gears are fixed by pins and gears through the seam screws, and they are easy to slip if they are stressed too much. When checking, you can loosen a piece of metal shield in the middle of the back of the knife holder.
5. After the machine has been used for a long time, the impact noise is obviously increased during cutting. The common reasons are as follows: one is the damage of the needle bearing in the left threaded rod; the other is the two sliders of the tool holder are seriously worn , The clearance between the chute of the tool holder increases; third, the wear between the worm gear and the worm (mainly the wear of the worm gear). These conditions can only be solved by replacing parts.
When judging the above faults, you can remove the blade and turn the blade holder down to about half, then use a thicker wooden stick to pry the blade holder up and down at the left and right positions under the knife holder, you can obviously feel a certain There is a loose phenomenon at this location. Carefully find out where this gap occurs. It can be solved by replacing the corresponding parts at that location.
2. Worm gearbox parts
The working principle of the worm gear box is that the pressure oil pushes the piston in the small oil cylinder. The piston pushes the push rod and the horizontal pin. The horizontal pin drives the clutch disc and pushes it to the continuously rotating pulley to rotate the worm wheel and the worm. When a cutting cycle ends, the cam at the rear end of the worm gear shaft hits the travel switch, the paper presser also returns to the highest point and presses the magnetic switch on the side, so that the normally open and normally closed solenoid valves in the hydraulic tank are de-energized and reset. Oil no longer enters the small cylinder. Under the action of spring force, the friction clutch disengages from the pulley and brakes. The more common faults at this location are:
1. There will be pressure oil coming out of the oil filling hole on the top of the worm gear box or the lubricating oil height indicated by the worm gear box oil mark will increase obviously: this is mainly due to the damage of the polyurethane sealing ring in the small cylinder, and the pressure oil has entered the worm gear box As a result, the sealing ring must be replaced. The specific method is to remove the screw of the oil inlet pipe joint and two copper pads on the side of the small cylinder of the worm gear box, remove the fastening screws of the small cylinder and the worm gear box, remove the entire set of small cylinder, and then remove the back cover and spring of the small cylinder , Remove the piston to see the sealing ring. The small oil cylinder polyurethane sealing ring used in the series of paper cutters produced by our company is divided into two types: the shaft (installed on the inner wall of the small cylinder body) and the hole (installed on the outer diameter of the piston). During the installation, the Y-shaped opening of the seal ring should be oriented toward the inlet direction of the pressure oil, otherwise it will not work. In addition, when installing the small cylinder block, be careful not to drop the flat bearing on the push rod.
When replacing the polyurethane sealing ring, you must pay attention to the model, specifications, and date of delivery of the machine. Especially for the machines that have been shipped in recent years, the imported parts of the polyurethane sealing ring are selected, such as the 1150 and 1370 specifications. The color of the imported polyurethane sealing ring It is blue and the size is 72mm × 60mm × 10mm, so please make sure to see the specifications and color of the original seal ring when replacing.
The damage of the polyurethane seal ring of the small cylinder will also make the cutting force of the knife smaller, and although the pressure of the sub-pump shows normal, it will not cut the paper. This is because the pressure oil cannot fully act on the piston of the small cylinder, and part of the leakage enters the worm gear box and causes pressure loss.
2. If the pressure oil output by the auxiliary pump can meet the requirements after measurement, but the knife cannot be lowered or the paper cannot be cut, it is likely that the cross pin on the push rod has broken and cannot drive the clutch disc. The disassembly steps are as follows: place the knife holder at the lowest point,
Remove the end cover of the pulley, loosen the round nut and backwasher on the worm, and pull out the entire pulley and bearing assembly with force. Then use the two screws on the clutch disc, use two small pressure plates to press the spring gland in the middle of the worm and the edge of the clutch disc, and tighten the two screws to disengage the spring gland and the shaft with the retaining ring. Circle, loosen the two pressure plates again, remove the spring gland and spring, and pull out the clutch disk to see the cross pin. (At the time of installation, care must be taken to insert the arc-shaped notch of the horizontal pin into the slotted notch of the push rod inside the worm).
In fact, to determine the reason why the knife cannot cut the paper after it comes down, just simply try the following methods: When the knife is cut to the stack of paper and stops, if you press the two-hand button again, the knife can continue to move until a cycle At the end, then it is basically certain that the hydraulic and mechanical parts are normal, and generally there will be no major problems. The reason for the stop of the knife is mostly due to the alignment of the photoelectric protection being in a critical state, so the vibration during the knife is caused The deviation of the infrared emission and reception signals (similar to the fact that the photoelectric protection is blocked by the hand when the knife is lowered); if you ca n’t continue cutting by pressing the two-handed button again, it is generally irrelevant to the circuit and you need to check the measurement of the auxiliary pump cutting Stress or other mechanical reasons. [next]
3. If there is abnormal noise when the machine is idling, in addition to the noise caused by the quality of the double-connected vane pump itself, it may be caused by the lack of oil or damage to the bearing in the middle of the pulley. The bearings at this place used paired bearings in the early stage. If oiling, both internal and external bearings must be taken into account. In addition, if the matching bearing cannot be purchased when replacing the bearing, an appropriate adjustment shim must be added according to the gap between the inner and outer ring planes of the two bearings (the wide faces of the outer rings of the two bearings are opposed when installing), neither can the bearing Crushing and hot can not cause the pulley to shake because the gap is too large.
Considering this problem, the machine pulleys that our company leaves now all use a single bearing (please pay attention when users replace and purchase).
If there is abnormal noise when cutting the knife: the mechanical reason is likely to be the damage of the bearings at both ends of the worm (especially the bearing near the small cylinder), which can be gradually disassembled in the order of (2) above until the worm is removed and the corresponding bearing is replaced (Note again: for safety reasons, if you want to remove the worm, you must put the knife to the bottom beforehand).
When replacing the flat bearing of the worm close to the small cylinder, it must be noted that the upper and lower parts of the flat bearing have different inner holes. The small inner diameter is installed on the push rod and the large inner diameter is installed on the small piston. Make a mistake.
The reason for the hydraulic pressure may be that the oil discharge pipe under the normally open solenoid valve in the hydraulic tank has fallen off, and the unloaded pressure oil is directly sprayed on the oil surface. The air foam splashed is drawn into the hydraulic line. When the cover plate on the front of the hydraulic tank is opened when the machine is turned on, it can be clearly seen that oil is sprayed down at the middle bottom of the valve plate. The oil pipe can be felt in the oil tank and screwed on, and then the air in the road can be discharged.
If there is air in the pipeline, there will be vibration when the paper presser presses against the work surface (more obvious when the pressure is large). The pressure relay pressure plate of the early model will continue to vibrate and cannot be knifed (note that now S Series models have eliminated the pressure relay component and replaced the time relay with a time relay to control the speed of the cutting knife after the paper is pressed tightly). To remove the air, place a wooden block about 6 to 7 cm high and about 50 cm long between the paper press and the workbench. Hold down the S12 travel switch on the left side of the fuel tank with your left hand and gently press the normally open solenoid valve with a screwdriver in your right hand. The spool of the valve makes the platen presser slowly drop to the wooden block, and a little force is applied. This is repeated repeatedly until the noise becomes smaller and smaller, the air can be eliminated (you can also loosen the top side of the platen cylinder at the same time) (Hexagon head screw plug, so that oil and air are discharged together during the press of the platen and then tightened).
4. If the air in the pipeline often appears, it is necessary to consider whether the skeleton oil seal at the shaft head of the double-vane pump is damaged. This seal is difficult to replace. Once the installation is not good, it will leak, and there is really no way. A new oil pump can be replaced. In the inspection, everyone should understand that the air in the hydraulic system must be caused by the input part of the hydraulic oil.
5. The cam behind the worm gear box moves clockwise when viewed from the bottom (viewed from the back). The correct position of the three travel switches and the cam during parking should be as shown in the component position diagram in the manual (the left one is about to leave the cam; the middle The wheel of the switch stops on the left side of the small cam and cannot be held up (note: S5 stroke switch has been cancelled on S series models); the right one has just been pressed by the cam). The functions are as follows: the left one controls the normally closed solenoid valve in the hydraulic tank. When the paper presser presses down and the knife moves downward, the switch is turned off, which makes the normally closed solenoid valve lose power. At this time, even if you release your hands , The knife holder stops moving. Because the normally closed solenoid valve is closed, the pressure oil in the oil cylinder cannot return, and the paper presser will continue to press on the paper surface without rising. The middle switch plays a single role through the small cam mounted on the large cam, which means that after each knife is cut, no matter whether you release your hands or not, the knife can only stop at the highest point and cannot work continuously. The switch on the right acts on the upper and lower half of the cycle, that is, during the process of cutting the knife, because the switch is in the off state, both hands must hold the button of both hands to hold the knife continuously. In the process of the knife seat lifting, the switch and the cam are closed and closed. By the control of the circuit, the knife can be automatically returned to the highest point when the knife is released. Sometimes a dead point occurs after the end of a cutting cycle, that is, the small cam in the middle fails to reach the right side of the single switch roller but just bears on the single switch roller, so that the next knife cannot be carried out. Cutting. It is necessary to adjust the distance between the single switch and the upper and lower half switches to make the cam return to the correct state after each cut. In the SQZK series models, we have canceled the single switch in the middle, and replaced the function of a single lower knife by the combination of the other two switches, so that it will not appear because the knife seat is at the upper dead point. Continue to work on this puzzle.
6. If a small amount of regular sliding knife phenomenon is found during the cutting process (if the sliding knife is not regular, one will be more and one will be less, you cannot simply adjust the cam position and find out the reason), loose To remove the hexagonal screw in the middle of the cam, turn the cam clockwise to a proper angle (the rotation angle can be adjusted gradually according to the actual situation, and the two cams must be rotated at the same time when adjusting the computer). If the problem cannot be solved, you need to install a pressure gauge at the cutting force measurement point, and carefully observe whether the auxiliary pump pressure can return to zero immediately when the knife returns to the highest point. If you can not return to zero in time, it may be that the unloading is not smooth, you need to check whether the reset of the cutting solenoid valve is normal, and whether the oil path is clogged; if the pressure can return to zero quickly, it is likely that the piston of the small cylinder does not move Flexible, the strength of the clutch return spring is insufficient, and there are mechanical parts such as oil slip on the friction plate. In addition, you can also remove the small oil cylinder to check several bearings at the end of the worm. If they are damaged, they will also cause the sliding knife phenomenon. Please remove them separately. Check the above parts.
7. Always pay attention to and adjust the gap between the pulley and the friction clutch. The specific method is to loosen four headless hexagon socket head cap screws and tighten the other four hexagon socket head screws to increase the gap, otherwise the gap is reduced. After adjustment, all screws must be tightened. The gap should be maintained between 0.5 mm and 1 mm, and the gap is required to be basically the same throughout the circumference.
3. Paper pressing mechanism
1. The mechanical part of the paper pressing part is relatively simple. Its main movement is controlled by the hydraulic system. The four-linkage mechanism and the return spring drive the paper presser to move up and down (the hydraulic causes of the paper presser mechanism failure are put together in the hydraulic part). When the piston of the paper pressing cylinder goes up, the paper press is pushed down by the transmission of the paper pressing lever, connecting rod, and pull rod, and the rebound of the paper press is reset by the pulling force of the return spring.
As far as the mechanical failure is concerned, it may be that the needle bearing on the platen lever is worn out or displaced to escape. In general, if there is a sudden unevenness in the platen press, it is necessary to consider that the needle roller bearing of the platen lever is damaged. If you want to replace it, you must place a sufficiently high item between the platen and the workbench, then turn the screw to remove the return spring, and then replace it only when the platen is not stressed. It should be noted that the needle roller bearings on the paper lever have used several different specifications and models, their outer diameters and heights are different, so users must replace the needle roller bearings according to the original bearing specifications and models Make a purchase.
2. The paper presser moves left and right. By adjusting the hexagonal screws on the side of the left and right guide plates, the paper presser can be flexible up and down without lateral displacement. The parallelism between the paper press and the worktable can be adjusted by turning the left and right eccentric screws on the pull rods on both sides of the paper press.
3. Among the SQZK series models, we have also added a set of anti-dropping device for the paper press from the perspective of safety. The main principle is that a torsion spring and a corresponding turning mechanism are installed on the lower lever of the paper press. Once the spring of the paper press suddenly breaks, the torsion spring acts on the turning mechanism. The block prevents the paper presser from continuing to fall, which ensures that the bottom of the paper presser stays at a position about 70 mm away from the work surface, and does not directly fall on the table surface and crush the operator's hand, protecting the operator's personal The role of security.
4. In the SQZK series models, we also added the function of optimizing the paper pressure in the paper pressure part. The main significance lies in: for example, in order to ensure the accuracy of RMB cutting, the printing plant only cuts the finished products with a height of about 30mm at a time, but because the movement of the paper pusher must receive two signals from the knife and the paper presser, so About 80% of the empty travel time of the platen is wasted. A signal sensor is now installed near the bottom of the platen. Whenever the knife is cut and the platen is still pressing the paper, the knife holder has started to rise first. When the knife holder is raised to the lower left of the platen When the switch position is sensed, the computer receives the signal that the knife holder is raised, and at the same time commands the platen to be raised, so that it is not necessary to wait for the knife to return to the highest point before the platen is lifted, as in the old model, which greatly saves The auxiliary time improves the cutting efficiency. [next]
4. Workbench
1. The screw under the table is driven by the motor. The forward and reverse rotation of the screw causes the nut seat and the paper pusher to move back and forth along the guide rail. The common screw of the series of paper cutters is a double-headed trapezoidal screw with a pitch of 6mm, so whether it is a computer or a digital display paper cutter, you can manually turn the pulley at the end of the screw when you judge the count failure (make the starting point mark first ), If the increase or decrease of the size after a few turns is a multiple of 12mm, it can be confirmed that the encoder count is normal and fault-free.
2. One of the two nuts on the front and back of the nut seat on the screw is adjustable. There is a spring between the two nuts to maintain a proper gap at any time. However, when the gap between the nut and the screw is too large, it is necessary. Screw the nut with multiple holes clockwise into it properly.
3. There are two fixing screws between the paper pusher and the nut seat. Among them, a spherical support body and a number of spherical adjustment pieces are installed at the position of the piece 4 (the spherical support body of the S-type machine has only a spherical surface above it). There is a large hexagon head fine tooth screw on the outside. The verticality between the rack surface of the paper pusher and the worktop can be changed by its up and down adjustment. There are two adjustment screws on the left and right of the rear end of the paper pusher. Tighten and adjust the verticality between the rack surface of the pusher and the long baffle of the table and the parallelism between the rack surface of the pusher and the blade. After adjustment, please tighten the M12 nut on the double-headed screw.
4. For the SQZX series of digital display paper cutters, the front and back movements of the paper pusher of the worktable are controlled by three micro-switches on the switch base, which is different from the automatic feed method of the paper cutter of the computer cutter. It is operated by turning the handwheel by hand. The innermost one is used to release the clutch when the hand is pushed inward. The other two switches control the forward and backward of the paper pusher respectively. Correct, there will be abnormal phenomena such as only forwarding and not retreating, only retreating and not even burning the relay, so it needs to be adjusted carefully.
5. In the SQZK series models, we used high-precision ball screws instead of the original trapezoidal rolling screws, (the original rolling screw accuracy is about 100 ± 0.10mm; now grinding ball screws The accuracy is about 100 ± 0.01mm). After using the ball screw, the maximum speed of the screw has been greatly improved, which greatly shortens the auxiliary time of paper cutting and improves the work efficiency.
6. In the SQZK series models, we have also replaced the original rectangular guide rail with a linear guide with a double slider structure, which greatly reduces the resistance of the paper pusher during operation and provides a prerequisite for increasing the speed of the paper pusher. Moreover, after adopting the linear guide mechanism with double sliders, the impact resistance of the paper pusher is improved. When the paper pusher is impacted by an external force, the force it receives can be smoothly transmitted to the two linear guide sliders distributed forward and backward In order to allow them to withstand the shared impact force, thereby extending the service life of the linear guide.
5. Hydraulic components
The oil pumps used in our company's series of paper cutters are all double-connected vane pumps. The oil outlet near the pulley is the main pump oil outlet (controls paper pressure), and the other is the auxiliary pump oil outlet (controls cutting pressure) ).
Pressure test: When the pedal is pedaled, the travel switch on the left side of the fuel tank is pressed and closed, so that the normally closed solenoid valve is energized to form a path, and the pressure oil enters the paper pressing cylinder through this, pushing the paper press down. After the paper presser is compressed, the pressure rises, and the pressure oil overflows back to the oil tank through the pedal paper pressure adjusting valve and the normally open solenoid valve.
If the three-position switch on the control panel in the upper right corner of the frame is moved to the tool change position, the normally closed solenoid valve loses power. At this time, if the foot pedal is pressed and the paper presser goes down to a certain position, then release the foot pedal, then The paper press stays there and does not move. If the platen needs to be lifted, just move the three-position switch back to the normal position in the middle.
The standard export model uses a valve plate imported from the German WESSEL company. The valve plate has a throttle valve (that is, M8 hex screw) at the lower right of the main pressure valve, which can be used to adjust the operation of the presser under the foot pedal. Speed, adjust clockwise to slow down and counterclockwise to decrease fast.
Cutting: When the two-handed button is pressed, the normally open solenoid valve is energized and closed, and the normally closed solenoid valve is electrically conducted. Under the action of pressure oil (when the oil pressure exceeds 3mpa ~ 4mpa), the pilot valve is also closed. At this time, the pressure oil enters the paper pressure oil cylinder and pushes the paper pressure device down. At the same time, the pressure oil overflows through the main pressure regulating valve and returns to the oil tank.
The oil from the auxiliary pump usually flows back to the oil tank through the cutting solenoid valve. When the two-hand button is pressed, the paper presser presses down and the pressure increases. (In the early models, as the pressure plate of the pressure relay was pushed open by the main pump pressure oil and the safety pin was withdrawn, the pressure relay switch and the safety pin switch were turned on one after another. The solenoid valve is energized and closed), the pressure oil enters the small cylinder of the worm gear box and pushes the clutch to work, and at the same time, the pressure oil overflows back to the oil tank through the cutting force adjustment valve.
The working principle of the paper pressure oil cylinder is that the pressure oil from the main oil pump passes through the valve plate, valve body and other control systems and enters the middle channel of the left side of the oil cylinder, and opens upward through the lateral hole of the cylinder spool and the inner hole of the upper spool The steel ball is injected into the cavity of the piston rod. The lower part of the upper spool is closed by the check valve due to the action of the steel ball, and the pressure oil cannot pass through. Because the cross-sectional area of ​​the piston rod cavity only accounts for 1/4 of the entire piston rod area, it rises quickly under the action of pressure oil, so that its compression speed is increased by three times.
The rise of the piston rod creates a vacuum in the lower part of the oil cylinder. Because the oil cylinder is immersed in the oil sump, the oil in the oil sump is quickly drawn into the space between the cylinder body and the piston rod through several holes around the cylinder head and the lower spool Space to go. When the piston rod rises until the paper presser presses the paper, it no longer rises, and the pressure oil continues to enter continuously, increasing the oil pressure in the piston rod cavity. The upper spool overcomes the pressure below the lower spool under the action of the pressure oil The spring force moves the lower spool downward. After the outer cylindrical surface of the lower spool seals the passage between the oil cylinder and the oil sump, the upper spool continues to move downward. At this time, the empty groove in the middle of the upper spool is aligned with the upper and lower ring grooves of the spool of the cylinder, so that the inner and outer chambers of the piston rod Connected. At this time, the bottom area of ​​the entire piston rod, including the inner hole and the outer ring, is also under the action of the pressure oil, which increases the pressure area and the compression force is 4 times that at the beginning. That is, the function and purpose of rapid compression when the empty stroke is reached and the pressure increases rapidly after being compressed.
It can be seen from the hydraulic principle diagram that the normally closed solenoid valve is actually a door between the hydraulic pipeline system and the platen cylinder channel. When the normally closed solenoid valve loses power, the two parts are disconnected. The obtained pressure is only the pressure of the oil pump and the pipeline system. Only when the normally closed solenoid valve is energized, the two parts are connected, then the measured pressure is the pressure of the entire system. In the same way, to determine the cause of the abnormal pressure, as long as the pressure of the normally closed solenoid valve is obtained when the power is lost (in theory, the pressure of the normally closed solenoid valve should be the same when the power is lost), then It can be determined whether the pipeline system or the platen cylinder part is faulty. [next]
Common failures of hydraulic components are as follows:
1. The paper presser is not down: when the oil pump is normally discharging oil, install the pressure gauge at the pressure measurement point of the paper press (note that the pressure gauge switch of the pressure gauge must be advanced to display the pressure), there are two cases at this time :
a. When the normally closed solenoid valve is powered off: use a Phillips screwdriver to press the spool of the normally open solenoid valve. If the measured pressure can reach 4 ~ 12mpa at this time (the position of the handle is adjusted by pressure), then the main The pump oil circuit is working properly; if it cannot be reached or the pressure is very low, first check whether the pipeline from the main pump outlet to the main pressure valve has any leakage and eliminate it, then look at the oil discharge of the oil discharge pipe under the normally open solenoid valve. Whether the open solenoid valve core can be blocked when it is pressed and the oil discharge status changes to stop unloading. If oil continues to drain, it means that the steel ball of the normally open solenoid valve has not completely blocked the oil path. Remove the normally open solenoid valve to check the cause. If the pipeline of the main pump is not leaking, the oil discharge pipe of the normally open solenoid valve is also blocked. At this time, the high pressure relief valve on the left side of the valve plate should be opened, and the oil discharge pipe of the high pressure relief valve is unloaded. If the oil discharge pipe of the high-pressure relief valve does not output oil, and there is no leakage in the pipeline, it can basically be determined that the main pump of the double-connected vane pump is broken.
b. When the normally closed solenoid valve is energized (press the stroke switch S12 on the lower left side of the outside of the hydraulic tank with your left hand): press the spool of the normally open solenoid valve with a cross screwdriver in your right hand. When the pressure rises, the platen falls. At the same time, the measured pressure should be the same as that when the normally closed solenoid valve is de-energized, which means that the platen can not be lowered during cutting only for electrical reasons.
If the pressure of the normally closed solenoid valve is significantly reduced or the paper presser cannot be smoothly lowered after being energized, it can basically be determined that the internal reason of the pressure cylinder (such as spring breakage or length reduction, deformation, poor sealing of the upper spool steel ball, etc.) The pressure oil leaked and could not be pressurized.
2. The knife cannot be lowered: install a pressure measuring device at the cutting force measurement point of the auxiliary pressure valve, and press the spool of the cutting solenoid valve with a screwdriver. The normal pressure should be about 7mpa, and the pressure can be passed Cutting force adjustment valve to adjust. If the rated pressure cannot be achieved through adjustment, you can first remove the cutting solenoid valve to check whether the nylon ring, steel ball and screw plug are in proper position with each other, and then check whether the spool of the cutting force adjustment valve is normal, or you can use your finger to plug in The oil outlet of the unloading pipe behind the auxiliary pressure valve should reasonably feel that the oil is more powerful. When the cutting solenoid valve core is pressed, it is obvious that the unloading of the unloading pipe due to the change of flow direction is extremely short. Unload the oil again after a pause. If the pressure does not meet the normal requirements, the oil discharge is weak, and there is no leakage in the pipeline, it can basically be determined that the auxiliary pump is broken.
3. Under the paper presser, the knife cannot be lowered: After the paper presser presses down, the pressure gradually increases, the pressure plate of the pressure relay of the early model is pushed open by the pressure oil, so that the micro switch of the pressure relay (the switch wiring is normally closed) Turns on from open to closed. The pressure plate of the pressure relay is pressed by the upper hexagonal screw. The degree of tightness of the screw (that is, the pre-selected set pressure) determines the time to open the pressure relay switch, so if the hexagonal head screw on the pressure relay is too loose, There will be a phenomenon that the paper press has not reached the set pressure, that is, the knife has been cut before the paper has been pressed; if it is adjusted too tight, the set pressure is greater than the pressure of the press, then the pressure relay switch will If it cannot be opened, there will be a phenomenon that the platen has been lowered but the knife is not lowered or the knife is lowered after a long time. Therefore, by adjusting the tightness of the hexagonal screw, the speed of the knife falling after the paper presser is pressed can be changed. Note: In the current SQZK series models, the pressure relay has been cancelled. The speed of the knife cutting time after the paper presser is pressed is adjusted by the time relay in the strong electric box. In short, when the platen does not go down, first of all, it is necessary to distinguish whether it is a hydraulic or electrical failure. The same reason can also detect the cause of the knife. First pull the safety pin out by hand, then use any object to catch the nylon wheel at the rear of the safety pin so that it will not extend (outside) or open the cover on the right side of the rack, and press the knife lock by hand The end of the support rod (built-in type) to prevent the knife from hitting the safety pin and damaging the machine when it comes down. Use a screwdriver to press the valve core of the cutting solenoid valve. If the knife can move up and down smoothly, the pressure displayed by the pressure gauge can also reach about 7mpa, it means that the auxiliary pump's oil circuit is completely normal. Too.
4. The paper presser does not rise or is slow to rise: first check whether the normally closed solenoid valve has electricity (it should be magnetic when touching the case with a screwdriver), and if there is no electricity, find out the reason, such as the quality of the magnetic switch. Then observe the pressure displayed on the pressure gauge. Under normal circumstances, when the paper presser rises, the pressure gauge display value should be zero (indicating that the pipeline is unloaded smoothly and there is no backpressure). If it is picked up, it is likely that the internal reason of the oil cylinder, such as the broken spring, needs to be removed and inspected.
The disassembly steps are: stepping on the paper presser under the condition of starting up, padding a suitable item between the top of the paper presser and the frame, so that the paper presser can no longer be raised, and then turning off the power. At this time, the large roller of the right paper lever and the top of the cylinder piston have been detached, then loosen the fixing screws of the iron plate on the top of the hydraulic tank, unplug the wire plugs of all solenoid valves in the oil tank, and remove the three screws in the middle of the valve plate. Remove the entire valve plate (note: all parts such as the pressure valve and solenoid valve on the valve plate do not need to be disassembled), and then sequentially remove the three oil pipe joints on the right side of the cylinder, and remove the three screws that fix the cylinder. Take the oil cylinder out of the hydraulic tank (if the height is not enough when removing, you can remove the parts on the top of the oil cylinder piston). Invert the removed cylinder and remove the screws on the bottom cover. Remove the bottom cover to check.
If the pressure displayed on the pressure gauge is not zero, it means that the pipeline still has back pressure and the oil discharge is not smooth enough. The normally open solenoid valve can be removed to observe whether the opening of the built-in white nylon ring is downward. It is likely that the position has been rotated so that the oil discharge is not smooth. Then just reposition it (note: the nylon ring has a stepped side in ). The nylon ring and steel ball can also be taken out, covered with paper on the front, and then the main motor switch is turned on to allow the pressure oil to be sprayed out to flush out the garbage in the pipeline to make the unloading smooth, and then install it in order.
In the SQZK series models, we use a programmable controller PLC in the strong power part to control the two-hand button cutting and photoelectric detection. If the user has no cutting action after pressing the two-hand button, the PLC should be checked first. The input terminals X0, X2 and X1, X3 and the output terminals Y0, Y1 indicate whether the lighting sequence of the LED is correct.
The correct lighting sequence should be: before pressing the two-handed buttons, the indicator LEDs on the input terminals X0 and X2 are on, and after pressing the two-handed buttons, the indicator LEDs on the input terminals X1 and X3 and the output terminals Y0 and Y1 are on.
If the PLC input terminals X0, X2 and X1, X3 have no input signal (that is, the LED is not lit), the output terminals Y0, Y1 have an output signal (that is, the LED is lit), and KT2 and K50 have been switched on , It can basically be judged as PLC failure.
In the S-type machine, if there is no response when pressing the two-handed button, or the paper presser will rise up a little after it comes down, it is likely that the capacity of the capacitor C 2 1 (220uf, 50VDC) is too small, and a parallel connection can be used. The capacitor of the same specification is used to increase its capacity.
6. Other issues
The above are the common faults of the mechanical structure of the series of paper cutters. Here are some problems encountered in the actual cutting and operation.
1. Cutting about 100g of coated paper: When cutting about 100g of coated paper, the size of the finished paper is usually small on the top and large on the bottom. Careful observation will also show that the bottom paper bulges upward during the cutting process. This is not a malfunction of the machine itself, but mainly because the object to be cut is harder and the surface is smoother. When the blade angle is too small and the gap between the tool holder and the frame is slightly larger, the rigidity of the mechanical structure is not enough. All the fixing screws of the front and rear frames can be loosened, and the adjustment copper between each fixing screw can be properly removed to reduce the gap between the frame and the knife holder (normally about 0.05 ～ 0.10mm, with a small gap, (It is better for the knife holder to shake up and down easily and flexibly). It can change the grinding angle of the blade, which is about 26 ° according to our experience, especially for users who use the horizontal grinding wheel with circular arc grinding wheel, because the diameter of the new and old grinding wheels directly determines the angle of the grinding edge , So a blade with a width of about 5 to 6 mm can be ground at the blade front to increase the angle. Taking into account the mechanical structure and the rigidity of the blade, now the machines of SQZK series 1150 and above have all increased the thickness of the blade to 13.7mm, and the positions of the screw holes have been staggered up and down to increase the bonding strength. I hope users pay attention to the specifications when buying the blade.
2. The safety screw is easy to break: In the cutting process, sometimes the safety screw is often broken. This is mainly due to the following reasons: the blade of the blade is not sharp enough (we require that the blade be replaced once the cumulative cutting time is over 8 hours, and the replacement time is shorter for harder paper such as honeycomb paper); The two left and right sliders have been worn (the normal gap between the knife holder groove and the slider is about 0.05mm); the safety screws are not often tightened (we require tightening 1 to 2 times per shift); the safety screws are installed时方å‘ä¸å¯¹ï¼ˆå¿…须让å心å°çš„一侧往里装入）；刀片切入刀æ¡å¤ªæ·±æˆ–由于刀å£ç£¨å‰Šå¾—ä¸å¤Ÿå¹³ç›´ï¼Œä¸ºäº†å…¨éƒ¨åˆ‡æ–çº¸å¼ è€Œå°†åˆ€è°ƒå¾—å¤ªæ·±ï¼›è¿žæŽ¥ä¿é™©èžºä¸çš„两个端é¢å› 为å˜å½¢è€Œä¸å¤Ÿå¹³æ•´ç‰ç‰ã€‚å¦å¤–由于电气方é¢åŽŸå› é€ æˆçš„故障，如安全销尚未退出（或抬起）而刀已下é™æ’žåœ¨ä¿é™©æ “上。 [next]
七ã€ç›Ÿç«‹R5型电脑的常è§æ•…障与排除
R型电脑是目å‰å›½å†…较为先进的采用伺æœæŽ§åˆ¶ç³»ç»Ÿå®žçŽ°é—环控制的一ç§æ–¹å¼ï¼Œå®ƒå…·æœ‰å±å¹•ä¸ã€è‹±æ–‡æ˜¾ç¤ºã€é©±åŠ¨ç®±å¸¦å‡ºé”™æ•…éšœæ示，æ“作简å•æ˜Žäº†ã€æœ‰åˆ©äºŽç»´ä¿®çš„特点。由伺æœç”µæœºå¸¦åŠ¨çš„推纸器高ã€ä½Žé€ŸçŠ¶æ€ä¸‹å‡èƒ½å¹³ç¨³è¿è¡Œï¼Œå¹¶èƒ½å¿«é€Ÿå¯åŠ¨ã€åœæ¢å’Œå¿«é€Ÿå®šä½ï¼Œç”±äºŽé‡‡ç”¨äº†ä¼ºæœé©¬è¾¾ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥å®šä½ç²¾åº¦é«˜ï¼Œå®šä½å‡†ç¡®ã€‚
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如果附近有干扰，è¦åœ¨é 近伺æœç³»ç»Ÿçš„è¾“å…¥ç«¯åŠ è£…æ»¤æ³¢å™¨ï¼Œå¹¶æœ€å¥½ä¸è¦å°†ç”µç„Šæœºæˆ–放电机械设备接在伺æœç”µæœºçš„åŒä¸€ä¾›ç”µçº¿è·¯ä¸Šã€‚ 在电压ä¸ç¨³å®šçš„地区，最好安装稳压器或空气开关，以防电压过高。 æ€Žæ ·åˆ¤åˆ«ä¼ºæœç”µæœºçš„好å： 按下驱动箱侧é¢çš„MODE/SET键，数ç 管显示为Fn000，按▲或键，选å–到显示Fn002，按ä½DATA/SHIFT 键至少1秒钟，显示为JOG--，å†æŒ‰â–²æˆ–键显示JOG-P（æ£æ–¹å‘）ã€JOG-N（åæ–¹å‘）ã€JOG--（åœæ¢ä¸åŠ¨ï¼‰ã€‚ 按DATA/SHIFT键至少1秒钟，å³å¯è¿”回原æ¥çš„ç”»é¢ã€‚ 如果按上述æ“作没有æ¤çŽ°è±¡åˆ™ä¸ºç”µæœºå‡ºçŽ°æ•…障。 å±å¹•æ˜¾ç¤ºçš„常è§æ•…障： 伺æœå¼‚常：å¯è§‚察驱动箱侧é¢æ˜¾ç¤ºçª—çš„æ•°ç 管显示内容，并æ®æ¤åˆ†æžæ•…éšœåŽŸå› åŠä½œç›¸åº”处ç†ï¼ˆå…·ä½“内容è§ä¸‹é¢é©±åŠ¨ç®±å¸¸è§æ•…障检查表）。 显示读å–资料逾时：当å±å¹•å‡ºçŽ°è¯¥æ–‡å—时，首先观察驱动箱侧é¢çš„æ•°ç 管显示窗，如果数ç 管ç¯éƒ½äº®çš„è¯ï¼Œé‚£å°±å¾ˆæœ‰å¯èƒ½æ˜¯é©±åŠ¨ç®±è‡³å±å¹•çš„通讯连接线（下é¢9芯ã€ä¸Šé¢25芯， 实际åªæœ‰æŽ¥3æ ¹çº¿ï¼‰æŽ¥è§¦ä¸è‰¯æˆ–å…¶ä¸ä¸€æ ¹æ–开。如果观察驱动箱侧é¢çš„显示窗数ç 管ç¯ä¸äº®çš„è¯ï¼Œé‚£å°±å¾ˆæœ‰å¯èƒ½æ˜¯é©±åŠ¨ç®±æˆ–驱动箱开关电æºå‡ºçŽ°æ•…障，需检查相关部件。
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按▲或键，直至显示为Pn020。 按DATA/SHIFT至少一秒钟åŽæ”¾å¼€ï¼Œæ•°ç 管显示为00004（出厂设置，精度约å°äºŽ0.01mm），按▲或键修改为00060，å†æŒ‰DATA/SHIFT至少一秒钟，Pn020会闪çƒä¸€ä¸‹ï¼Œ å³å…³æœºï¼Œé‡æ–°å¼€æœºå°±å¯ä»¥äº†ã€‚
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首先按下驱动箱侧é¢çš„MODE/SET键，数ç 管显示为Fn000，按▲或键，选å–到显示Fn009。 按DATA/SHIFT至少一秒钟，数ç 管显示为PiniT。
按MODE/SET键一次，数ç 管显示为PiniTåˆå§‹åŒ–é—ªçƒâ†’DONEé—ªçƒä¸€ç§’钟→PiniT，å³ä½¿ç”¨è€…å‚æ•°å·²å¤å½’。 按DATA/SHIFT至少一秒钟，å³å¯è¿”回辅助功能画é¢ã€‚ 注æ„：如果使用Fn009时出现Loc的符å·ï¼Œåˆ™è¯´æ˜Žå‚数修改功能已é”ä½ï¼Œéœ€æŒ‰ä»¥ä¸‹æ–¹æ³•å¼€é”。 按▲或键，选å–到显示Fn010，å†æŒ‰DATA/SHIFT键至少一秒钟显示为UnLoc（开é”），å†æŒ‰MODE/SET键显示为UnLoc，表示将Fn009功能开放。å·ç è§£å†³æ–¹æ³•åŽŸå› 01 检查电压电æºç”µåŽ‹ä½ŽäºŽ160V 02 检查电压电æºç”µåŽ‹é«˜äºŽ275V或线电压太高03 åŠ æ²¹æˆ–è°ƒæ•´è¿‡è´Ÿè½½ï¼Œå¯èƒ½ä¸æ†ç¼ºæ²¹æˆ–推纸器过紧05 检查相关件编ç 器故障ã€é”™è¯¯æˆ–连线电缆ä¸è‰¯10 åŽŸå› ä¸Ž3相似检查相关件过电æµï¼Œå¯èƒ½æ˜¯ä¼ºæœç”µæœºçš„UVW端åçŸè·¯ç‰ç¼–ç 器与电机的输入脉冲与å馈脉11 åŽŸå› ä¸Ž3相似冲差è·è¶…过设定值。或检查电机4çº¿é—´ç”µé˜»å€¼åˆ†åˆ«åº”ä¸ºå‡ åˆ°å‡ å欧姆。 12 å‚æ•°å¤å½’过速度(电机æ£å¸¸é€Ÿåº¦çº¦1500-1800转) 16 æ›´æ¢é©±åŠ¨ç®±é©±åŠ¨ç®±å†…部故障DonEé—ªçƒä¸€ç§’钟→Loc，æ¤æ—¶è‹¥æŒ‰MODE/SET键将会å†åº¦å°†Fn009功能é”ä½ã€‚ 按DATA/SHIFT键至少一秒钟，å³å¯è¿”回辅助功能画é¢ã€‚
以上就是一些常è§æ•…障的简å•ä»‹ç»ï¼Œå¤§å®¶å¯ä»¥ç»“åˆè‡ªå·±çš„实际ç»éªŒæ¥æ“作，以达到åŠæ—¶ã€å¿«é€ŸæŽ’除设备故障的目的。
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